History of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 4 (of 12)Maspero, G. (Gaston)
History
History of Egypt, Chaldæa, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, Volume 4 (of 12)
Maspero, G. (Gaston)
Civilization, Ancient; Egypt -- History -- To 640 A.D.; History, Ancient; Middle East -- History
Every dynasty whose resources were such as to justify their resumption
of the work proudly recorded the fact on stelae which lined
the approaches to the masons' yards. Ahmosis reopened the Turah
quarry-chambers, and procured for himself "good stone and white" for the
temples of Anion at Thebes and of Phtah at Memphis. No monument has as
yet been discovered to throw any light on the fate of Memphis subsequent
to the time of the Amenemhaits. It must have suffered quite as much
as any city of the Delta from the Shepherd invasion, and from the wars
which preceded their expulsion, since it was situated on the highway
of an invading army, and would offer an attraction for pillagers. By a
curious turn of fortune it was the "Fankhui," or Asiatic prisoners, who
were set to quarry the stone for the restoration of the monuments which
their own forefathers had reduced to ruins.* The bas-reliefs sculptured
on the stelae of Ahmosis show them in full activity under the _corvee;_
we see here the stone block detached from the quarry being squared by
the chisel, or transported on a sledge drawn by oxen.
* The _Fankhui_ are, properly speaking, all white prisoners,
without distinction of race. Their name is derived from the
root _fokhu, fankhu_ = to bind, press, carry off, steal,
destroy; if it is sometimes used in the sense of
Phoenicians, it is only in the Ptolemaic epoch. Here the
term "Fankhui" refers to the Shepherds and Asiatics made
prisoners in the campaign of the year V. against Sharuhana.
Ahmosis had several children by his various wives; six at least owned
Nofritari for their mother and possessed near claims to the crown, but
she may have borne him others whose existence is unrecorded. The eldest
appears to have been a son, Sipiri; he received all the honours due to
an hereditary prince, but died without having reigned, and his second
brother, Amenhotpu--called by the Greeks Amenothes*--took his place.
* The form Amenophis, which is usually employed, is,
properly speaking, the equivalent of the name
_Amenemaupitu,_ or Amenaupiti, which belongs to a king of
the XXIst Tanite dynasty; the true Greek transcription of
the Ptolemaic epoch, corresponding to the pronunciation
_Amehotpe,_ or _Amenhopte,_ is Amenothes. Under the XVIIIth
dynasty the cuneiform transcription of the tablets of Tel-el
Amarna, Amankhatbi, seems to indicate the pronunciation
Amanhautpi, Amanhatpi, side by side with the pronunciation
Aman-hautpu, Amenhotpu.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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