History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for EmbalmingGannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
History
History of Embalming: and of Preparations in Anatomy, Pathology, and Natural History; Including an Account of a New Process for Embalming
Gannal, J.-N. (Jean-Nicolas)
Anatomical specimens -- Collection and preservation; Embalming -- History; Mummies
We may then conclude, that the means of preparing and preserving, does
not date much earlier than the commencement of the present century.
None of them, however, has had for object the preservation of the
entire subject: that which offers us the most numerous parts united
in the same preparation has only a reference to anatomy, properly so
called; it is the process of M. Swan, of England, given by him as a new
method of making dried anatomical preparations, preserving to them the
appearance and the advantages of fresh preparations, without possessing
the inconveniences of them; this process is, as we shall see, only
an application of the discovery of Chaussier, on the preservative
properties of the deuto-chloride of mercury. We give it here, before
passing in review the methods of preparation practised for each organ
or each tissue.
“In order to describe the manner of making these preparations, I shall
only take the arm by way of example.
“The member should be selected as clear from fat as possible. A
solution of two ounces of oxymuriate of mercury, in half a pint of
rectified spirits of wine, must be injected into the arteries, and the
day after make another injection with the same quantity of white spirit
varnish, to which must be added one-fifth part of turpentine varnish,
and a small quantity of vermillion. The limb should next be placed
in hot water, and remain there until it is sufficiently heated for a
coarse injection into the arteries, and even the veins if necessary. If
the veins are to be injected they had better be emptied of blood, with
water, before forcing into the arteries the solution of oxymuriate of
mercury, because there returns always by the veins some portion of this
injection which coagulate the contained blood, and hinders the coarse
injection from passing into the smaller branches.
“After the limb has been injected it may be dissected. Every time
the work is left, it is better that the parts uncovered, should be
enveloped in a linen cloth wet with water; and when the dissection is
recommenced a great advantage will be remarked, which is that the parts
injected with the solution of the sublimate will suffer very little
alteration in several days, and are found in the same state in which
they were left, whilst, by the common method, in one or two days, all
is so changed that there is little profit in seeing what has been
done, and if the dissection is long, they will scarcely be recognised
when finished.
“Another advantage is that it may be dissected any where, since the
preparation is without odour.
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