History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to SwinburneLang, Andrew
History
History of English Literature from "Beowulf" to Swinburne
Lang, Andrew
English literature -- History and criticism
Meanwhile professional poetry of society and the Court was
sinking to the lowest depth. The verse of the prolific priest and
scholar, John Skelton (born 1460? died 1529?), leads nowhere,
and though it is full of historical and personal interest, must
not detain us. Skelton had honours of a sort, as Laureate, from
Oxford, Cambridge, and Louvain. He translated parts of Cicero and
other classics, and, in 1500, was highly praised by the famous
Erasmus, who later brought the study of the New Testament in
Greek to England, and was the wittiest of scholars in the Revival
of Learning and of Greek literature. Skelton had Latin enough,
of Greek not much, and about 1500 was tutor of the future Henry
VIII. His profuse poetry is mainly in long but lively stretches
of doggerel; very short rhyming verses, generally satirical,
poured from him ceaselessly. He had a "flyting" or scolding match
like that of Dunbar and Kennedy, with Sir Christopher Garnesche;
he lamented at terrible length the death of "Philip Sparrow,"
slain by "our Cat Gib"--nothing can be less like Catullus's dirge
for Lesbia's sparrow, but some graceful compliments to young
ladies are intermixed with the doggerel. He owed the Rectory
of Diss, Norfolk, probably to his patron, Wolsey, but for some
unknown reason he later pursued Wolsey with libellous satires.
In "The Bowge of Court," when he relapses into stanzas and the
outworn allegorical verbiage, he satirizes Court life. In "Colyn
Clout," his hero is a tramp, as vehement in attack on all sorts
and conditions of men as Piers Plowman. Wolsey was attacked as
a despot in "Colyn Clout," and much more bitterly assailed in
"Why come ye not to Court": after writing this piece Skelton fled
from his foes and creditors to sanctuary in Westminster. He wrote
a long "Morality," "Magnificence," with the usual personified
vices and virtues. In very bad taste he hurled doggerel at "King
Jimmy," James IV, after his glorious death at Flodden, and, more
deservedly, attacked the Scots who deserted the Duke of Albany
and the French when the Duke wished to lead them across the
Tweed.
A brief sample of Skelton when most Skeltonical is his reply
to the alleged boast of the Scots that they won the battle of
Flodden.
That is as true
As black is blue
And green is grey
Whatever they say
Jemmy is dead
And closed in lead,
That was their own king:
Fie on that winning!
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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