History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)Taine, Hippolyte
History
History of English Literature Volume 3 (of 3)
Taine, Hippolyte
English literature -- History and criticism
This intention becomes still more evident if we examine in detail one of
his dialogues and one of his pictures. We will not find there impartial
energy, bent on copying nature, but attentive thoughtfulness, bent on
transforming into satire objects, words, and events. All the words of
the character are chosen and weighed so as to be odious or ridiculous.
It accuses itself, is studious to display vice, and behind its voice we
hear the voice of the writer who judges, unmasks, and punishes it. Miss
Crawley, a rich old woman, falls ill.[264] Mrs. Bute Crawley, her
relative, hastens to save her, and to save the inheritance. Her aim is
to have excluded from the will a nephew, Captain Rawdon, an old
favorite, presumptive heir of the old lady. This Rawdon is a stupid
guardsman, a frequenter of taverns, a too clever gambler, a duellist,
and a _roué._ Fancy the capital opportunity for Mrs. Bute, the
respectable mother of a family, the worthy spouse of a clergyman,
accustomed to write her husband's sermons! From sheer virtue she hates
Captain Rawdon, and will not suffer that such a good sum of money should
fall into such bad hands. Moreover, are we not responsible for our
families? and is it not for us to publish the faults of our relatives?
It is our strict duty, and Mrs. Bute acquits herself of hers
conscientiously. She collects edifying stories of her nephew, and
therewith she edifies the aunt. He has ruined so and so; he has wronged
such a woman. He has duped this tradesman; he has killed this husband.
And above all, unworthy man, he has mocked his aunt! Will that generous
lady continue to cherish such a viper? Will she suffer her numberless
sacrifices to be repaid by such ingratitude and such ridicule? We can
imagine the ecclesiastical eloquence of Mrs. Bute. Seated at the foot of
the bed, she keeps the patient in sight, plies her with draughts,
enlivens her with terrible sermons, and mounts guard at the door against
the probable invasion of the heir. The siege was well conducted, the
legacy attacked so obstinately must be yielded up; the virtuous fingers
of the matron grasped beforehand and by anticipation the substantial
heap of shining sovereigns. And yet a carping spectator might have found
some faults in her management. Mrs. Bute managed rather too well. She
forgot that a woman persecuted with sermons, handled like a bale of
goods, regulated like a clock, might take a dislike to so harassing an
authority. What is worse, she forgot that a timid old woman, confined to
the house, overwhelmed with preachings, poisoned with pills, might die
before having changed her will, and leave all, alas, to her scoundrelly
nephew. Instructive and formidable example! Mrs. Bute, the honor of her
sex, the consoler of the sick, the counsellor of her family, having
ruined her health to look after her beloved sister-in-law, and to
preserve the inheritance, was just on the point, by her exemplary
devotion, of putting the patient in her coffin, and the inheritance in
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