Obligation, nature of, i. 64, 65 Ockham, his opinion of the foundation of the moral law, i. 17, and _note_ Odin, his suicide, ii. 53 O’Neale, Shane, his charity, ii. 96 Opinion, influence of character on, i. 171, 172 Oracles, refuted and ridiculed by Cicero, i. 165. Plutarch’s defence of their bad poetry, 165, _note_. Refusal of Cato and the Stoics to consult them, 165. Ridiculed by the Roman wits, 166. Answer of the oracle of Delphi as to the best religion, 167. Theory of the oracles in the ’De Divinatione’ of Cicero, 368, and _note_. Van Dale’s denial of their supernatural character, 374. Books of oracles burnt under the republic and empire, 447, and _note_ Origen, his desire for martyrdom, i. 391 Orphanotrophia, in the early Church, ii. 32 Otho, the Emperor, his suicide, i. 219. Opinion of his contemporaries of his act, 219, _note_ Ovid, object of his “Metamorphoses,” i. 166. His condemnation of suicide, 213, and _note_. His humanity to animals, ii. 165 Oxen, laws for the protection of, ii. 162 Oxyrinchus, ascetic life in the city of, ii. 105 Pachomius, St., number of his monks, ii. 105 Pætus and Arria, history of, ii. 310 Pagan religions, their feeble influence on morals, i. 161 Pagan virtues, the, compared with Christian, i. 190 Paiderastia, the, of the Greeks, ii. 294 Pain, equivalent to evil, according to the Utilitarians, i. 8, _note_ Palestine, foundation of monachism in, ii. 106. Becomes a hot-bed of debauchery, 152 Paley, on the obligation of virtue, i. 14, _note_. On the difference between an act of prudence and an act of duty, 16, _note_. On the love we ought to bear to God, 18, _note_. On the religious sanctions of morality, 19. On the doctrine of association, 25, _note_. On flesh diet, 49, _note_. On the influence of health on happiness, 88, _note_. On the difference in pleasures, 90, _note_ Pambos, St., story of, ii. 116, _note_ Pammachus, St., his hospital, ii. 80 Panætius, the founder of the Roman Stoics, his disbelief in the immortality of the soul, i. 183 Pandars, punishment of, ii. 316 Parents, reason why some savages did not regard their murder as criminal, i. 101 Parthenon, the, at Athens, i. 105 Pascal, his advocacy of piety as a matter of prudence, i. 17, _note_. His adherence to the opinion of Ockham as to the foundation of the moral law, 17, _note_. His thought on the humiliation created by deriving pleasure from certain amusements, i. 86, _note_