Growth of a gentler and more cosmopolitan spirit in Rome, 227. Causes of this change, 228, _et seq._ Extent of Greek influence at Rome, 228. The cosmopolitan spirit strengthened by the destruction of the power of the aristocracy, 231, 232. History of the influence of freedmen in the state, 233. Effect of the aggrandisement of the colonies, the attraction of many foreigners to Rome, and the increased facilities for travelling, on the cosmopolitan spirit, 233, _et seq._ Foreigners among the most prominent of Latin writers, 235. Results of the multitudes of emancipated slaves, 235, 236. Endeavours of Roman statesmen to consolidate the empire by admitting the conquered to the privileges of the conquerors, 238. The Stoical philosophy quite capable of representing the cosmopolitan spirit, 239. Influence of eclectic philosophy on the Roman Stoics, 244. Life and character of Marcus Aurelius, 249-255. Corruption of the Roman people, 255. Causes of their depravity, 256. Decadence of all the conditions of republican virtue, 256. Effects of the Imperial system on morals, 257-261. Apotheosis of the emperors, 257. Moral consequences of slavery, 262. Increase of idleness and demoralising employments, 262. Increase also of sensuality, 263. Destruction of all public spirit, 264. The interaction of many states which in new nations sustains national life prevented by universal empire, 264. The decline of agricultural pursuits, 265. And of the military virtues, 268. History and effects of the gladiatorial shows, 271. Other Roman amusements, 276. Effects of the arena upon the theatre, 277. Nobles in the arena, 283. Effects of Stoicism on the corruption of society, 291. Roman law greatly extended by it, 294. Change in the relation of Romans to provincials, 297. Changes in domestic legislation, 297. Roman slavery, 300-308. The Stoics as consolers, advisers, and preachers, 308. The Cynics and rhetoricians, 309, 310. Decadence of Stoicism in the empire, 317. Causes of the passion for Oriental religions, 318-320. Neoplatonism, 325. Review of the history of Roman philosophy, 332-335. History of the conversion of Rome to Christianity, 336. State of Roman opinion on the subject of miracles, 365. Progress of the Jewish and Oriental religions in Rome, 386, 387. The conversion of the Roman empire easily explicable, 393. Review of the religious policy of Rome, 397. Its division of religion into three parts, according to Eusebius, 403. Persecutions of the Christians, 406, _et seq._ Antipathy of the Romans to every religious system which employed religious terrorism, 420. History of the persecutions, 429. General sketch of the moral condition of the Western Empire, ii. 14. Rise and progress of the government of the Church of Rome, 14, 15. Roman practice of infanticide, 27.