Atreus and Thyestês are known in the Iliad only as successive
possessors of the sceptre of Zeus, which Thyestês at his death
bequeathes to Agamemnôn. The family dissensions among this fated
race commence, in the Odyssey, with Agamemnôn the son of Atreus, and
Ægisthus the son of Thyestês. But subsequent poets dwelt upon an
implacable quarrel between the two fathers. The cause of the bitterness
was differently represented: some alleged that Thyestês had intrigued
with the Krêtan Aeropê, the wife of his brother; other narratives
mentioned that Thyestês procured for himself surreptitiously the
possession of a lamb with a golden fleece, which had been designedly
introduced among the flocks of Atreus by the anger of Hermês, as a
cause of enmity and ruin to the whole family.[380] Atreus, after a
violent burst of indignation, pretended to be reconciled, and invited
Thyestês to a banquet, in which he served up to him the limbs of his
own son, and the father ignorantly partook of the fatal meal. Even the
all-seeing Hêlios is said to have turned back his chariot to the east
in order that he might escape the shocking spectacle of this Thyestêan
banquet: yet the tale of Thyestêan revenge—the murder of Atreus
perpetrated by Ægisthus, the incestuous offspring of Thyestês by his
daughter Pelopia—is no less replete with horrors.[381]
[380] Æschyl. Agamem. 1204, 1253, 1608; Hygin. 86; Attii Fragm.
19. This was the story of the old poem entitled Alkmæônis;
seemingly also of Pherekydês, though the latter rejected the
story that Hermês had produced the golden lamb with the special
view of exciting discord between the two brothers, in order to
avenge the death of Myrtilus by Pelops (see Schol. ad Eurip.
Orest. 996).
A different legend, alluded to in Soph. Aj. 1295 (see Schol. _ad
loc._), recounted that Aeropê had been detected by her father
Katreus in unchaste commerce with a low-born person; he entrusted
her in his anger to Nauplius, with directions to throw her into
the sea: Nauplius however not only spared her life, but betrothed
her to Pleisthenês, father of Agamemnôn and son of Atreus.
The tragedy entitled _Atreus_ of the Latin poet Attius, seems to
have brought out, with painful fidelity, the harsh and savage
features of this family legend (see Aul. Gell. xiii. 2, and the
fragments of Attius now remaining, together with the tragedy
called Thyestês, of Seneca).
[381] Hygin. fab. 87-88.
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