or festival of the Charites, at Orchomenos, the rivalry of the poets
in their various modes of composition both began and continued as the
predominant feature:[113] and the inestimable treasures yet remaining
to us of Attic tragedy and comedy, are gleanings from the once numerous
dramas exhibited at the solemnity of the Dionysia. The Ephesians gave
considerable rewards for the best hymns in honor of Artemis, to be sung
at her temple.[114] And the early lyric poets of Greece, though their
works have not descended to us, devoted their genius largely to similar
productions, as may be seen by the titles and fragments yet remaining.
[111] The legend which Ephorus followed about the establishment
of the Delphian temple was something radically different from
the Homeric Hymn (Ephori Fragm. 70, ed. Didot): his narrative
went far to politicize and rationalize the story. The progeny of
Apollo was very numerous, and of the most diverse attributes; he
was father of the Korybantes (Pherekydes, Fragm. 6, ed. Didot),
as well as of Asklêpios and Aristæus (Schol. Apollôn. Rhod. ii.
500; Apollodôr. iii. 10, 3).
[112] Strabo, ix. p. 421. Menander the Rhetor (Ap. Walz. Coll.
Rhett. t. ix. p. 136) gives an elaborate classification of hymns
to the gods, distinguishing them into nine classes,—κλητικοὶ,
ἀποπεμπτικοὶ, φυσικοὶ, μυθικοὶ, γενεαλογικοὶ, πεπλασμένοι,
εὐκτικοὶ, ἀπευκτικοὶ, μικτοί:—the second class had reference to
the temporary absences or departure of a god to some distant
place, which were often admitted in the ancient religion. Sappho
and Alkman in their _kletic_ hymns invoked the gods from many
different places,—τὴν μὲν γὰρ Ἄρτεμιν ἐκ μυρίων μὲν ὄρεων,
μυρίων δὲ πόλεων, ἔτι δὲ ποτάμων, ἀνακαλεῖ,—also Aphroditê and
Apollo, etc. All these songs were full of adventures and details
respecting the gods,—in other words of legendary matter.
[113] Pindar, Olymp. xiv.; Boeckh, Staatshaushaltung der Athener,
Appendix, § xx. p. 357.
[114] Alexander Ætolus, apud Macrobium, Saturn. v. 22.
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