[402] In this early phase of the Pythian festival, it is said
to have been celebrated every eight years, marking what we
should call an Octaetêris, and what the early Greeks called an
Ennaetêris (Censorinus, De Die Natali, c. 18). This period is
one of considerable importance in reference to the principle of
the Grecian calendar, for ninety-nine lunar months coincide very
nearly with eight solar years. The discovery of this coincidence
is ascribed by Censorinus to Kleostratus of Tenedos, whose
age is not directly known: he must be anterior to Meton, who
discovered the cycle of nineteen solar years, but (I imagine)
not much anterior. In spite of the authority of Ideler, it seems
to me not proved, nor can I believe, that this octennial period
with its solar and lunar coincidence was known to the Greeks in
the earliest times of their mythical antiquity, or before the
year 600 B. C. See Ideler, Handbuch der Chronologie, vol. i. p.
366; vol. ii. p. 607. The practice of the Eleians to celebrate
the Olympic games alternately after forty-nine and fifty lunar
months, though attested for a later time by the Scholiast on
Pindar, is not proved to be old. The fact that there were ancient
octennial recurring festivals, does not establish a knowledge
of the properties of the octaeteric or ennaeteric period: nor
does it seem to me that the details of the Bœotian δαφνηφορíα,
described in Proclus ap. Photium, sect. 239, are very ancient.
See, on the old mythical Octaetêris, O. Müller, Orchomenos 218,
_seqq._, and Krause, Die Pythien, Nemeen, und Isthmien, sect. 4,
p. 22.
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