The stories in Plutarch, as to the way in which Salamis was
recovered, are contradictory as well as apocryphal, ascribing
to Solon various stratagems to deceive the Megarian occupiers;
unfortunately, no authority is given for any of them. According
to that which seems the most plausible, he was directed by the
Delphian god, first to propitiate the local heroes of the island;
and he accordingly crossed over to it by night, for the purpose of
sacrificing to the heroes Periphêmus and Kychreus, on the Salaminian
shore. Five hundred Athenian volunteers were then levied for the
attack of the island, under the stipulation that if they were
victorious they should hold it in property and citizenship.[160] They
were safely landed on an outlying promontory, while Solon, having
been fortunate enough to seize a ship which the Megarians had sent to
watch the proceedings, manned it with Athenians, and sailed straight
towards the city of Salamis, to which the five hundred Athenians who
had landed also directed their march. The Megarians marched out from
the city to repel the latter, and during the heat of the engagement,
Solon, with his Megarian ship, and Athenian crew, sailed directly to
the city: the Megarians, interpreting this as the return of their
own crew, permitted the ship to approach without resistance, and the
city was thus taken by surprise. Permission having been given to the
Megarians to quit the island, Solon took possession of it for the
Athenians, erecting a temple to Enyalius, the god of war, on Cape
Skiradium, near the city of Salamis.[161]
[160] Plutarch, Solon, κυρίους εἶναι τοῦ πολιτεύματος. The strict
meaning of these words refers only to the _government_ of the
island; but it seems almost certainly implied that they would
be established in it as klêruchs, or proprietors of land, not
meaning necessarily that _all_ the preëxisting proprietors would
be expelled.
[161] Plutarch, Solon, 8, 9, 10. Daïmachus of Platæa, however,
denied to Solon any personal share in the Salaminian war
(Plutarch, comp. Solon and Public. c. 4).
Polyænus (i, 20) ascribes a different stratagem to Solon:
compare Ælian, V. H. vii, 19. It is hardly necessary to say that
the account which the Megarians gave of the way in which they
lost the island was totally different: they imputed it to the
treachery of some exiles (Pausan. i, 40, 4): compare Justin, ii,
7.
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