Conformably to the suggestion of the Thebans, the liberties of Greece
were now to be disputed in Bœotia: and not only had the position of
Mardonius already been taken, but his camp also fortified, before the
united Grecian army approached Kithæron in its forward march from the
Isthmus. After the full force of the Lacedæmonians had reached the
Isthmus, they had to await the arrival of their Peloponnesian and
other confederates. The hoplites who joined them were as follows:
from Tegea, fifteen hundred; from Corinth, five thousand,—besides a
small body of three hundred from the Corinthian colony of Potidæa;
from the Arcadian Orchomenus, six hundred; from Sikyon, three
thousand; from Epidaurus, eight hundred; from Trœzen, one thousand;
from Lepreon, two hundred; from Mykênæ and Tiryns, four hundred; from
Phlius, one thousand; from Hermionê, three hundred; from Eretria and
Styra, six hundred; from Chalkis, four hundred; from Ambrakia, five
hundred; from Leukas and Anaktorium, eight hundred; from Palê in
Kephallenia, two hundred; from Ægina, five hundred. On marching from
the Isthmus to Megara, they took up three thousand Megarian hoplites;
and as soon as they reached Eleusis in their forward progress,
the army was completed by the junction of eight thousand Athenian
hoplites, and six hundred Platæan, under Aristeidês, who passed over
from Salamis.[324] The total force of hoplites, or heavy-armed
troops, was thus thirty-eight thousand seven hundred men: there were
no cavalry, and but very few bowmen; but if we add those who are
called light-armed, or unarmed generally,—some perhaps with javelins
or swords, but none with any defensive armor,—the grand total was not
less than one hundred and ten thousand men. Of these light-armed, or
unarmed, there were, as computed by Herodotus; thirty-five thousand
in attendance on the five thousand Spartan citizens, and thirty-four
thousand five hundred in attendance on the other hoplites,—together
with eighteen hundred Thespians, who were properly hoplites, yet so
badly armed as not to be reckoned in the ranks.[325]
[324] Compare this list of Herodotus with the enumeration which
Pausanias read inscribed on the statue of Zeus, erected at
Olympia by the Greeks who took part in the battle of Platæa
(Pausan. v, 23, 1).
Pausanias found inscribed all the names here indicated by
Herodotus except the Palês of Kephallenia: and he found in
addition the Eleians Keans, Kythnians, Tenians, Naxians, and
Mêlians. The five last names are islanders in the Ægean:
their contingents sent to Platæa must, at all events, have
been very small, and it is surprising to hear that they sent
any,—especially when we recollect that there was a Greek fleet at
this moment on service, to which it would be natural that they
should join themselves in preference to land-service.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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