of having neglected to pick up dead bodies for sepulture. The
misinterpretation of the commentators is here of the gravest
import. It alters completely the criticisms on the proceedings at
Athens.
[264] See Thucyd. i, 50, 51.
[265] Xenoph. Hellen. i, 6, 34. Ἀπώλοντο δὲ τῶν μὲν Ἀθηναίων νῆες
πέντε καὶ εἴκοσιν αὐτοῖς ἀνδράσιν, ἐκτὸς ὀλίγων τῶν πρὸς τὴν γῆν
προσενεχθέντων.
Schneider in his note, and Mr. Mitford in his History, express
surprise at the discrepancy between the number _twelve_,
which appears in the speech of Euryptolemus, and the number
_twenty-five_, given by Xenophon.
But, first, we are not to suppose Xenophon to guarantee those
assertions, as to matters of fact which he gives, as coming from
Euryptolemus; who as an advocate, speaking in the assembly, might
take great liberties with the truth.
Next, Xenophon speaks of the total number of ships ruined or
disabled in the action: Euryptolemus speaks of the total number
of wrecks afloat and capable of being visited so as to rescue the
sufferers, _at the subsequent moment_, when the generals directed
the squadron under Theramenês to go out for the rescue. It is to
be remembered that the generals went back to Arginusæ from the
battle, and there determined, according to their own statement,
to send out from thence a squadron for visiting the wrecks. A
certain interval of time must therefore have elapsed between the
close of the action and the order given to Theramenês. During
that interval, undoubtedly, _some_ of the disabled ships went
down, or came to pieces: if we are to believe Euryptolemus,
thirteen out of the twenty-five must have thus disappeared, so
that their crews were already drowned, and no more than twelve
remained floating for Theramenês to visit, even had he been ever
so active and ever so much favored by weather.
I distrust the statement of Euryptolemus, and believe that he
most probably underrated the number. But assuming him to be
correct, this will only show how much the generals were to
blame, as we shall hereafter remark, for not having seen to
the visitation of the wrecks _before_ they went back to their
moorings at Arginusæ.
The first letter from the generals which communicated the victory,
made known at the same time the loss sustained in obtaining it.
It announced, doubtless, the fact which we read in Xenophon, that
twenty-five Athenian triremes had been lost, with nearly all their
crews; specifying, we may be sure, the name of each trireme which
had so perished; for each trireme in the Athenian navy, like modern
ships, had its own name.[266] It mentioned, at the same time, that
no step whatever had been taken by the victorious survivors to save
their wounded and drowning countrymen on board the sinking ships.
A storm had arisen, such was the reason assigned, so violent as to
render all such intervention totally impracticable.[267]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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