The Lacedæmonians found some compensation for their reluctant
abandonment of Polydamas, in the pacific propositions from Athens
which liberated them from one of their chief enemies. But the peace
thus concluded was scarcely even brought to execution. Timotheus,
being ordered home from Korkyra, obeyed and set sail with his fleet.
He had serving along with him some exiles from Zakynthus; and as
he passed by that island in his homeward voyage, he disembarked
these exiles upon it, aiding them in establishing a fortified post.
Against this proceeding the Zakynthian government laid complaints
at Sparta, where it was so deeply resented, that redress having
been in vain demanded at Athens, the peace was at once broken off,
and war again declared. A Lacedæmonian squadron of twenty-five sail
was despatched to assist the Zakynthians,[303] while plans were
formed for the acquisition of the more important island of Korkyra.
The fleet of Timotheus having now been removed home, a malcontent
Korkyræan party formed a conspiracy to introduce the Lacedæmonians
as friends, and betray the island to them. A Lacedæmonian fleet of
twenty-two triremes accordingly sailed thither, under color of a
voyage to Sicily. But the Korkyræan government, having detected the
plot, refused to receive them, took precautions for defence, and sent
envoys to Athens to entreat assistance.
[303] Xen. Hellen. vi, 2, 3; Diodor. xv, 45.
The statements of Diodorus are not clear in themselves; besides
that on some points, though not in the main, they contradict
Xenophon. Diodorus states that those exiles whom Timotheus
brought back to Zakynthus, were the philo-Spartan leaders, who
had been recently expelled for their misrule under the empire of
Sparta. This statement must doubtless be incorrect. The exiles
whom Timotheus restored must have belonged to the anti-Spartan
party in the island.
But Diodorus appears to me to have got into confusion by
representing that universal and turbulent reaction against the
philo-Spartan oligarchies, which really did not take place until
after the battle of Leuktra—as if it had taken place some three
years earlier. The events recounted in Diodor. xv, 40, seem to me
to belong to a period _after_ the battle of Leuktra.
Diodorus also seems to have made a mistake in saying that the
Athenians sent _Ktesikles_ as auxiliary commander to _Zakynthus_
(xv, 46); whereas this very commander is announced by himself
in the next chapter (as well as by Xenophon, who calls him
_Stesikles_) as sent to _Korkyra_ (Hellen. v, 2, 10).
I conceive Diodorus to have inadvertently mentioned this Athenian
expedition under Stesiklês or Ktesiklês, twice over; once as sent
to Zakynthus—then again, as sent to _Korkyra_. The latter is the
truth. No Athenian expedition at all appears on this occasion to
have gone to Zakynthus; for Xenophon enumerates the Zakynthians
among those who helped to fit out the fleet of Mnasippus (v, 2,
3).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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