Timoleon lived to see his great work of Sicilian enfranchisement
consummated, to carry it through all its incipient difficulties, and
to see it prosperously moving on. Not Syracuse alone, but the other
Grecian cities in the island also, enjoyed under their revived free
institutions a state of security, comfort, and affluence, to which
they had been long strangers. The lands became again industriously
tilled; the fertile soil yielded anew abundant exports; the temples
were restored from their previous decay, and adorned with the
votive offerings of pious munificence.[405] The same state of
prosperous and active freedom, which had followed on the expulsion
of the Gelonian dynasty a hundred and twenty years before, and
lasted about fifty years, without either despots within or invaders
from without—was now again made prevalent throughout Sicily under
the auspices of Timoleon. It did not indeed last so long. It was
broken up in the year 316 B. C., twenty-four years after the battle
of the Krimêsus, by the despot Agathokles, whose father was among
the immigrants to Syracuse under the settlement of Timoleon. But
the interval of security and freedom with which Sicily was blessed
between these two epochs, she owed to the generous patriotism and
intelligent counsel of Timoleon. There are few other names among
the Grecian annals, with which we can connect so large an amount of
predetermined and beneficent result.
[405] Diodor. xvi. 83.
Endeared to the Syracusans as a common father and benefactor,[406]
and exhibited as their hero to all visitors from Greece, he passed
the remainder of his life amidst the fulness of affectionate honor.
Unfortunately for the Syracusans, that remainder was but too short;
for he died of an illness apparently slight, in the year 337-336 B.
C.—three or four years after the battle of the Krimêsus. Profound
and unfeigned was the sorrow which his death excited, universally,
throughout Sicily. Not merely the Syracusans, but crowds from all
other parts of the island, attended to do honor to his funeral,
which was splendidly celebrated at the public cost. Some of the
chosen youths of the city carried the bier whereon his body was
deposited: a countless procession of men and women followed, in their
festival attire, crowned with wreaths, and mingling with their tears
admiration and envy for their departed liberator. The procession was
made to pass over that ground which presented the most honorable
memento of Timoleon; where the demolished Dionysian stronghold had
once reared its head, and where the court of justice was now placed,
at the entrance of Ortygia. At length it reached the Nekropolis,
between Ortygia and Achradina, where a massive funeral pile had been
prepared. As soon as the bier had been placed on this pile, and fire
was about to be applied, the herald Demetrius, distinguished for the
powers of his voice, proclaimed with loud announcement as follows:—
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