The fugitives from Issus hastened to inform Alexander, whom they
overtook at Myriandrus. So astonished was he, that he refused to
believe the news, until it had been confirmed by some officers whom
he sent northward along the coast of the Gulf in a small galley,
and to whom the vast Persian multitude on the shore was distinctly
visible. Then, assembling the chief officers, he communicated to
them the near approach of the enemy, expatiating on the favorable
auspices under which a battle would now take place.[269] His address
was hailed with acclamation by his hearers, who demanded only to be
led against the enemy.[270]
[269] Arrian, ii. 7, 8.
[270] Arrian, ii. 7; Curtius, iii. 10; Diodor. xvii. 33.
His distance from the Persian position may have been about eighteen
miles.[271] By an evening march, after supper, he reached at midnight
the narrow defile (between Mount Amanus and the sea) called the Gates
of Kilikia and Syria, through which he had marched two days before.
Again master of that important position, he rested there the last
portion of the night, and advanced forward at daybreak northward
towards Darius. At first the breadth of practicable road was so
confined, as to admit only a narrow column of march, with the cavalry
following the infantry; presently it widened, enabling Alexander
to enlarge his front by bringing up successively the divisions of
the phalanx. On approaching near to the river Pinarus (which flowed
across the pass), he adopted his order of battle. on the extreme
right he placed the hypaspists, or light division of hoplites; next
(reckoning from right to left), five Taxeis or divisions of the
phalanx, under Kœnus, Perdikkas, Meleager, Ptolemy, and Amyntas. Of
these three last or left divisions, Kraterus had the general command;
himself subject to the orders of Parmenio, who commanded the entire
left half of the army. The breadth of plain between the mountains on
the right, and the sea on the left, is said to have been not more
than fourteen stadia, or about one English mile and a half.[272] From
fear of being outflanked by the superior numbers of the Persians,
he gave strict orders to Parmenio to keep close to the sea. His
Macedonian cavalry, the Companions, together with the Thessalians,
were placed on his right flank; as were also the Agrianes, and the
principal portion of the light infantry. The Peloponnesian and allied
cavalry, with the Thracian and Kretan light infantry, were sent on
the left flank to Parmenio.[273]
[271] Kallisthenes called the distance 100 stadia (ap. Polyb.
xii. 19). This seems likely to be under the truth.
Polybius criticises severely the description given by
Kallisthenes of the march of Alexander. Not having before us the
words of Kallisthenes himself, we are hardly in a condition to
appreciate the goodness of the criticism; which in some points is
certainly overstrained.
[272] Kallisthenes ap. Polybium, xii. 17.
[273] Arrian, ii. 8, 4-13.
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