While this conflict was still going on, Darius had ordered his
scythed chariots to charge, and his main line to follow them,
calculating on the disorder which he expected that they would
occasion. But the chariots were found of little service. The horses
were terrified, checked, or wounded, by the Macedonian archers and
darters in front; who even found means to seize the reins, pull down
the drivers, and kill the horses. Of the hundred chariots in Darius’s
front, intended to beat down the Macedonian ranks by simultaneous
pressure along their whole line, many were altogether stopped or
disabled; some turned right round, the horses refusing to face the
protended pikes, or being scared with the noise of pike and shield
struck together; some which reached the Macedonian line, were let
through without mischief by the soldiers opening their ranks; a few
only inflicted wounds or damage.[385]
[385] About the chariots. Arrian, iii. 13, 11; Curtius, iv. 15,
14; Diodor. xvii. 57, 58.
Arrian mentions distinctly only those chariots which were
launched on Darius’s left, immediately opposite to Alexander. But
it is plain that the chariots along the whole line must have been
let off at one and the same signal—which we may understand as
implied in the words of Curtius—“Ipse (Darius) ante se falcatos
currus habebat, quos signo dato universos in hostem effudit” (iv.
14, 3).
The scythed chariots of Artaxerxes, at the battle of Kunaxa,
did no mischief (Xenoph. Anab. i. 8, 10-20). At the battle of
Magnesia, gained by the Romans (B. C. 190) over the
Syrian king Antiochus, his chariots were not only driven back,
but spread disorder among their own troops (Appian, Reb. Syriac.
33).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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