Court conspiracies and assassinations of the prince, however were
not unknown either among the Achæmenidæ or the Arsakidæ.
[443] This account of the remarkable incidents immediately
preceding the death of Darius, is taken mainly from Arrian (iii.
21), and seems one of the most authentic chapters of his work.
He is very sparing in telling what passed in the Persian camp;
he mentions indeed only the communications made by the Persian
deserters to Alexander.
Curtius (v. 27-34) gives the narrative far more vaguely and
loosely than Arrian, but with ample details of what was going on
in the Persian camp. We should have been glad to know from whom
these details were borrowed. In the main they do not contradict
the narrative of Arrian, but rather amplify and dilute it.
Diodorus (xvii. 73), Plutarch (Alexand. 42, 43), and Justin (xi.
15) give no new information.
Alexander had made the prodigious and indefatigable marches of the
last four days, not without destruction to many men and horses, for
the express purpose of taking Darius alive. It would have been a
gratification to his vanity to exhibit the Great King as a helpless
captive, rescued from his own servants by the sword of his enemy, and
spared to occupy some subordinate command as a token of ostentatious
indulgence. Moreover, apart from such feelings, it would have been a
point of real advantage to seize the person of Darius, by means of
whose name Alexander would have been enabled to stifle all farther
resistance in the extensive and imperfectly known regions eastward of
the Caspian Gates. The satraps of these regions had now gone thither
with their hands free, to kindle as much Asiatic sentiment and levy
as large a force as they could, against the Macedonian conqueror; who
was obliged to follow them, if he wished to complete the subjugation
of the empire. We can understand therefore that Alexander was deeply
mortified in deriving no result from this ruinously fatiguing march,
and can the better explain that savage wrath which we shall hereafter
find him manifesting against the satrap Bessus.
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