[606] Arrian, vii. 23, 5. Even when performing the purely
military operation of passing these soldiers in review,
inspecting their exercise, and determining their array,—Alexander
sat upon the regal throne, surrounded by Asiatic eunuchs; his
principal officers sat upon couches with silver feet, near to him
(Arrian, vii. 24, 4). This is among the evidences of his altered
manners.
Besides thus modifying the phalanx, Alexander also passed in review
his fleet, which was now fully equipped. The order was actually
given for departing, so soon as the obsequies of Hephæstion should
be celebrated. This was the last act which remained for him to
fulfil. The splendid funeral pile stood ready—two hundred feet
high, occupying a square area, of which the side was nearly one
furlong, loaded with mostly decorations from the zeal, real and
simulated, of the Macedonian officers. The invention of artists was
exhausted, in long discussions with the king himself, to produce
at all cost an exhibition of magnificence singular and stupendous.
The outlay (probably with addition of the festivals immediately
following) is stated at 12,000 talents, or £2,760,000 sterling.[607]
Alexander awaited the order from the oracle of Ammon, having sent
thither messengers to inquire what measure of reverential honor he
might properly and piously show to his departed friend.[608] The
answer was now brought back, intimating that Hephæstion was to be
worshipped as a Hero—the secondary form of worship, not on a level
with that paid to the gods. Delighted with this divine testimony
to Hephæstion, Alexander caused the pile to be lighted, and the
obsequies celebrated, in a manner suitable to the injunctions of the
oracle.[609] He farther directed that magnificent chapels or sacred
edifices should be erected for the worship and honor of Hephæstion,
at Alexandria in Egypt,—at Pella in Macedonia,—and probably in other
cities also.[610]
[607] Diodorus, xvii. 115; Plutarch, Alex. 72.
[608] Arrian, vii. 23, 8.
[609] Diodor. xvii. 114, 115: compare Arrian, vii. 14, 16;
Plutarch, Alexand. 75.
[610] Arrian, vii. 23, 10-13; Diod. xviii. 4. Diodorus speaks
indeed, in this passage, of the πυρὰ or funeral pile in honor
of Hephæstion, as if it were among the vast expenses included
among the memoranda left by Alexander (after his decease) of
prospective schemes. But the funeral pile had already been
erected at Babylon, as Diodorus himself had informed us.
What Alexander left unexecuted at his decease, but intended to
execute if he had lived, was the splendid edifices and chapels in
Hephæstion’s honor—as we see by Arrian, vii. 23, 10. And Diodorus
must be supposed to allude to these intended sacred buildings,
though he has inadvertently spoken of the funeral pile. Kraterus,
who was under orders to return to Macedonia, was to have built
one at Pella.
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