on reaching India, a portion of them should be known as Báhlikas or Bálhikas. Though the evidence falls short of proof there seems fair reason to suggest that the present Rájput and Káthi Válas or Bálas of Gujarát and Rájputána, through a Sanskritised Váhlika, may be traced to some section of the Yuechi, who, as they passed south from Baktria, between the first century before and the fourth century after Christ, assumed or received the title of men of Balkh. One collateral point seems to deserve notice. St. Martin [366] says: 'The Greek historians do not show the least trace of the name Báhlika.' Accepting Báhika, with the general sense of Outsider, as the form used by Indian writers before the Christian era and remembering [367] Pánini's description of the Málavas and Kshudrakas as two Báhika tribes of the North-West the fact that Pánini lived very shortly before or after the time of Alexander and was specially acquainted with the Panjáb leaves little doubt that when (A.D. 326) Alexander conquered their country the Malloi and Oxydrakai, that is the Málavas and Kshudrakas, were known as Báhikas. Seeing that Alexander's writers were specially interested in and acquainted with the Malloi and Oxydrakai it is strange if St. Martin is correct in stating that Greek writings show no trace of the name Báhika. In explanation of this difficulty the following suggestion may be offered. [368] As the Greeks sounded their kh (ch) as a spirant, the Indian Báhika would strike them as almost the exact equivalent of their own word bakchikos. More than one of Alexander's writers has curious references to a Bacchic element in the Panjáb tribes. Arrian [369] notices that, as Alexander's fleet passed down the Jhelum, the people lined the banks chanting songs taught them by Dionysus and the Bacchantes. According to Quintus Curtius [370] the name of Father Bacchus was famous among the people to the south of the Malloi. These references are vague. But Strabo is definite. [371] The Malloi and Oxydrakai are reported to be the descendants of Bacchus. This passage is the more important since Strabo's use of the writings of Aristobulus Alexander's historian and of Onesikritos Alexander's pilot and Bráhman-interviewer gives his details a special value. [372] It may be said Strabo explains why the Malloi and Oxydrakai were called Bacchic and Strabo's explanation is not in agreement with the proposed Báhika origin. The answer is that Strabo's explanation can be proved to be in part, if not altogether, fictitious. Strabo [373] gives two reasons why the Oxydrakai were called Bacchic. First because the vine grew among them and second because their kings marched forth Bakkhikôs that is after the Bacchic manner. It is difficult to prove that in the time of Alexander the vine did not grow in the Panjáb. Still the fact that the vines of Nysa near Jalálábád and of the hill Meros are mentioned by several writers and that no vines are referred to in the Greek accounts of