the Mándwa [837] chieftain, and withdrew to Áhmedábád. Rái Gopináth, obtaining reinforcements, returned to Mándwa and succeeded in capturing the chief. He then marched against the rebellious Kolis of the Kánkrej, and took prisoner their leader, whom, on promising not to stir up future rebellions, he afterwards restored to liberty. The first connection of the English with Gujarát dates from Sayad Murtaza's viceroyalty. In A.D. 1608 he allowed Captain Hawkins to sell goods in Surat. [Mírza Âzíz Kokaltásh Twelfth Viceroy, 1609-1611.] In A.D. 1609 the Khán-i-Ázam Mírza Âzíz Kokaltásh was for the fourth time appointed viceroy of Gujarát. He was allowed to remain at court and send his son Jehángír Kúli Khán as his deputy with Mohandás Diván and Masûd Beg Hamadáni. [838] This was the beginning of government by deputy, a custom which in later times was so injurious to imperial interests. [Sack of Surat by Malik Âmbar, 1609.] In 1609 Malik Âmbar, chief minister of Nizám Sháh's court and governor of Daulatábád, invaded Gujarát at the head of 50,000 horse, and after plundering both the Surat and Baroda districts retired as quickly as he came. To prevent such raids a body of 25,000 men was posted at Rámnagar [839] on the Dakhan frontier, and remained there for four years. The details of the contingents of this force are: The Viceroy of Áhmedábád 4000 Men. The Nobles of his Court 5000 Men. The Chiefs of Sáler and Mulher (Báglán) 3000 Men. The Son of the Kachh Chief 2500 Men. The Chief of Navánagar 2500 Men. The Chief of Ídar 2000 Men. { Now under the Hilly } The Chief of Dúngarpúr { Tracts Agency, } 2000 Men. { Rájputána. } The Chief of Bánsváda 2000 Men. The Chief of Rámnagar (Dharampur) 1000 Men. The Chief of Rájipípla 1000 Men. The Chief of Áli (Álirájpur under the 300 Men. Bhopáwar Agency) The Chief of Mohan (a former capital of the 350 Men. state of Chhota Udepur in the Rewa Kántha) ---------- Total 25,650 Men.