History of Indian and Eastern ArchitectureFergusson, James
History
History of Indian and Eastern Architecture
Fergusson, James
Architecture -- India; Architecture, Asian
One of the most remarkable ornamental features that adorn this monastery
is a series of bas-reliefs that adorn the front of the steps of the
stairs leading from the so-called Pantheon to the circular court at
Jamalgiri. They are sixteen in number, and each is adorned with a
bas-relief containing twenty, thirty, or forty figures according to the
subject.[209] Among these the Wessantara and Sama jatakas can easily be
recognised,[210] and so may others when carefully examined. Besides
these there are representations of the chase, processions, dancing, and
domestic scenes of various kinds.
[Illustration: 94. Corinthian Capital from Jamalgiri. (From a
Photograph.)]
[Illustration: 95. Corinthian Capital from Jamalgiri. (From a
Photograph.)[211]]
In fact such a series of sixteen bas-reliefs, one over another, is
hardly known to exist anywhere else, but is here only an appropriate
part of an exuberance of sculptural ornamentation hardly to be matched,
as existing in so small a space, in any other building of its class.
The architecture of this monastery seems to have been of singular
richness. General Cunningham brought away a dozen of capitals of the
Corinthian order, and others exist in the Lahore Museum. As will be seen
from the last two illustrations (Nos. 94, 95), they are unmistakably
classical, but of a form to which it is not at first sight easy to
assign a date. They are more Greek than Roman in the character of their
foliage, but more Roman than Greek in the form of their volutes and
general design. Perhaps it would be correct to say they are more
Byzantine than either, but, till we have detailed drawings and know more
of their surroundings, it is difficult to give a positive opinion as to
their age.
Not one of these was found _in situ_, nor, apparently, one quite entire,
so that their use or position is not at first sight apparent. Some of
them were square, and it is consequently not difficult to see they may
have formed the caps of the antæ on each side of the cells, and are so
represented in General Cunningham’s plate (15). If this is so, the
circular ones must have been placed on short circular pillars, one on
each side, forming a porch to the cells. One at least seems to have
stood free--like a stambha--and, as the General represents it on plate
48, may have carried a group of elephants on its head.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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