[371] The name of Pergamus is preserved in our modern languages in the word “parchment” (_pergamena_), which was used to designate the skin which was prepared in that town to serve as paper, after the Ptolemies had prohibited the exportation of Egyptian papyrus. [372] Attalus I., King of Pergamus, gave to the Sicyonians 11,000 medimni of wheat. (Titus Livius, XXXII. 40.)--Eumenius II. lent 80,000 to the Rhodians. (Polybius, XXXI. xvii. 2.) [373] Strabo, XII. viii. § 11. [374] Athenæus, XV. xxxviii. 513, ed. Schweighæuser. [375] The Sea of Marmora took its name from these quarries of marble. [376] Κυξικηνοἱ στατἡρες, whence the word _sequins_. [377] Strabo, XIII. i. § 23. [378] Strabo, XV. iii. § 22. [379] Titus Livius, XXXII. 16; XXXVI. 43. [380] Titus Livius, XXXVII. 8. [381] The petty king Moagetes, who reigned at Cibyra, in Phrygia, gave a hundred talents and 10,000 medimni of corn (Polybius, XXII. 17.--Titus Livius, XXXVIII. 14 and 15); Termessus, fifty talents; Aspendus, Sagalassus, and all the cities of Pamphylia, paid the same (Polybius, XXII. 18 and 19); and the towns of this part of Asia contributed, at the first summons of the Roman general, for about 600 talents (3,500,000 francs [£140,000]); they also delivered to him about 60,000 medimni of corn. [382] Titus Livius, XXXIX. 6. [383] Manlius, although he had been despoiled on his way home of a part of his immense booty by the mountaineers of Thrace, displayed, at his triumph, crowns of gold to the weight of 212 pounds, 220,000 pounds of silver, 2,103 pounds of gold, more than 127,000 Attic tetradrachms, 250,000 cistophori, and 16,320 gold coins of Philip. (Titus Livius, XXXIX. 7.) [384] Appian, _Wars of Mithridates_, lxiii. [385] Arrian, _Campaigns of Alexander_, I. xx. § 3.--Diodorus, XVII. 23. [386] Strabo, XIV. ii. 565. [387] Strabo, XIV. i. § 6. [388] Pliny, _Natural History_, V. 31. [389] Strabo, XIV. iii. § 6. [390] Titus Livius, XXXVIII. 39. [391] Scylax, _Periplus_, 39, ed. Hudson.--Dio Cassius, XLVII. 34. [392] Herodotus, I. 176. [393] Pliny, _Natural History_, V. 28. [394] Strabo, XIV. v. § 2. [395] Strabo, XIV. v. § 2. [396] Tarsus had still naval arsenals in the time of Strabo (XIV. v. § 12 _et seq._). [397] Arrian, _Anabasis_, II. 5. [398] Polybius, XXII. 7. [399] Seleucus founded sixteen towns of the name of _Antiochia_, five of the name of _Laodicea_, nine of the name of _Seleucia_, three of the name of _Apamea_, one of the name of _Stratonicea_, and a great number of others which equally received Greek names. (Appian, _Wars of Syria_, lvii. 622.)--Pliny (_Natural History_, VI. xxvi. 117) informs us that it was the Seleucides who collected into towns the inhabitants of Babylonia, who before only inhabited villages (_vici_), and had no other cities than Nineveh and Babylon. [400] Pliny (_Natural History_, VI. 26, 119) mentions one of these towns which was 70 stadia in circuit, and in his time was reduced to a mere fortress.