_Dertona_ (630). In Liguria, now _Tortona_. _Fabrateria_ (630). Among the Volsci (_Latium Majus_). Now _Falvaterra_. A colony of the Gracchi. _Aquæ Sextiæ_ (631); _Aix_ (Mouths of the Rhone). Cited erroneously as a colony, was only a _castellum_. _Minervia_ (Scylacium) (632). In Calabria, now _Squillace_. A colony of the Gracchi. _Neptunia_ (Tarentum) (632). In Calabria, now _Taranto_. A colony of the Gracchi. _Carthago_ (Junonia). In Africa. A colony of the Gracchi, was only commenced. _Narbo Martius_ (636). In Narbonnese Gaul, now _Narbonne_. Founded under the influence of the Gracchi. _Eporedia_ (654). In Transpadane Gaul, now _Ivrea_. In this period Rome ceases to found Latin colonies. The allied countries and the towns of the Latin name began to demand the right of city; the assimilation of Italy, in respect to language and manners, is indeed so advanced that it is superfluous, if not dangerous, to found new Latin cities. The name of _Colonies of the Gracchi_ is given to those which were established essentially for the aid of the poor citizens, and no longer, as formerly, with a strategic view. Carthage and Narbonne are the first two colonies founded beyond the limits of Italy, contrary to the rule previously followed. The only example which could be mentioned as appertaining to the previous period is that of _Italica_, founded in Spain by Scipio in 548, for those of his veterans who wished to remain in the country. They received the right of city, but not the title of colony. The inhabitants of _Aquæ Sextiæ_ must have been in much the same situation. [665] Velleius Paterculus, II. 6, 15.--Plutarch, _C. Gracchus_, 7, 8. [666] Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 19 _et seq._ [667] Plutarch, _C. Gracchus_, 9.--Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 23. [668] Sallust, _Jugurtha_, 27.--Cicero, _Oration on the Consular Provinces_, 2, 15; _Oration for Balbus_, 27. [669] Cicero, _Oration for Rabirius_, 4. [670] Plutarch, _C. Gracchus_, 7, 12.--According to Velleius Paterculus (II. 6), “he would have extended this right to all the peoples of Italy as far as the Alps.” [671] Pseudo-Sallust, _First Letter to Cæsar_, vii.--Titus Livius, XXVI. 22. [672] “Aut censoria locatio constituta est, ut Asiæ, lege Sempronia.” Cicero, _Second Prosecution of Verres_, III.--See, on this question, Mommsen, _Inscriptiones Latinæ Antiquissimæ_, pp. 100, 101. [673] In the province, the domain of the soil belongs to the Roman people; the proprietor is reputed to have only the possession or usufruct. (Gaius, _Institutes_, II. 7.) [674] The senators were reproached with the recent examples of prevarication given by Cornelius Cotta, by Salinator, and by Manius Aquilius, the conqueror of Asia. [675] Yet the _Epitome_ of Titus Livius (LX.) speaks of 600 knights instead of 300. (See Pliny, _Natural History_, XXXIII. 7.--Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 22.--Plutarch, _C. Gracchus_, 7.) [676] Plutarch, _C. Gracchus_, 12. [677] Appian, _Civil Wars_, I. 24.