History of merchant shipping and ancient commerce, Volume 2 (of 4)Lindsay, W. S. (William Schaw)
History
History of merchant shipping and ancient commerce, Volume 2 (of 4)
Lindsay, W. S. (William Schaw)
Commerce -- History; Shipping -- History; Steam navigation -- History
But beyond these special and minute instructions for the navigation
of the fleet, and for the discovery of new branches of commerce or
sources of mineral wealth, the most rigid attention is enjoined to the
moral and religious duties of the crews, so “that no blaspheming of
God, or detestable swearing be used in any ship, nor communication of
ribaldrie, filthy tales, or ungodly talke to be suffred in the company
of any ship, neither dicing, carding, tabling, nor other devilish games
to be frequented, whereby ensueth not only povertie to the players, but
also strife, variance, brawling, fighting, and oftentimes murther, to
the utter destruction of the parties, and provoking of God’s most just
wrathe and sworde of vengeance. These, and all such like pestilences,
and contagions of vices, and sinnes to be eschewed, and the offenders
once monished and not reforming, to be punished at the discretion of
the captaine and master, as appertaineth.” It is likewise ordered “that
morning and evening prayer, with other common services appointed by the
King’s Majestie, and lawes of this realme, to be reade and saide in
every ship daily by the minister in the Admirall, and the marchant or
some other person learned, in other ships, and the Bible or paraphrases
to be read devoutly and Christianly to God’s honour, and for his grace
to be obtained and had by humble and heartie praier of the navigants
accordingly.”
Indeed, the whole document is full of admirable advice and of the
soundest principles, as valuable to the success of the commercial
adventure as to the discipline and comfort of every person engaged in
the expedition.[84]
Descending to minute details, the cook or steward is required to give
weekly, or oftener if desired by their superiors, an exact account of
the victuals, such as “flesh, fish, biscuit, meat, bread,” as also
of “beer, wine, oil, or vinegar,” with any other things under his
charge. Incompetent officers and incapable seamen are to be discharged,
whenever a suitable opportunity occurs of getting rid of them. Economy
is strictly enjoined, and cleanliness in the cook’s room rigidly
enforced. The best clothes of the sailors are only to be used when
mustered in good array for the honour and advancement of the voyage.
Various instructions are given for the security of health and general
good management of the crew, and the sailors are warned against people
who “can swim in the sea in havens, naked, armed with bows and shafts,
who are desirous to seize the bodies of the sailors, which they covet
for meat.”
[Sidenote: Departure 20 May, 1553.]
On the 20th of May, 1553, the squadron dropped down the river Thames to
Greenwich, and its departure is thus quaintly described:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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