But the view which the Phoenicians took of their duties, or of their
interests, led them to act differently. When the Persians, anxious to
recover Cyprus, applied to the Phoenician cities for a naval force, to
transport their army from Cilica to the island, and otherwise help them
in the war, their request was at once complied with. Ships were sent to
the Cilician coast without any delay;[14278] the Persian land force was
conveyed in safety across the strait and landed on the opposite shore;
the ships then rounded Cape St. Andreas and anchored in the bay
opposite Salamis, where the Ionian fleet was drawn up in defence of
the town.[14279] An engagement followed--the first, so far as we
know, between Phoenicians and Greeks--wholly to the advantage of the
latter.[14280] No complaint, however, is made of any lukewarmness, or
want of zeal, on the part of the Phoenicians, who seem to have been
beaten in fair fight by an enemy whom they had perhaps despised. Their
ill fortune did not lead to any very serious result, since the Persian
land force defeated the Cyprians, and thus Persia once more obtained
possession of the island.
A year or two later the Phoenicians recovered their lost laurels. In
B.C. 495 the Persians, having trampled out the flames of revolt in
Cyprus, Caria, and Caunus, resolved on a great effort to bring the war
to a close by attacking the Ionian Greeks in their own country, and
crushing the head and front of the rebellion, which was the great and
flourishing city of Miletus. Miletus lay on the southern shore of a
deep bay--the Sinus Latmicus--which penetrated the western coast of Asia
Minor in about Lat. 37º 30´, but which the deposits of the Mæander have
now filled up.[14281] North-west of the town, at the distance of about
a mile, was the small island of Ladé, now a mere hillock on the flat
alluvial plain. While the Persian land force advanced along the shore,
and invested Milestus on the side towards the continent, a combined
fleet of six hundred vessels[14282] proceeded to block the entrance to
the bay, and to threaten the doomed city from the sea. This fleet was
drawn from four only of the countries subject to Persia--viz. Phoenicia,
Cilicia, Cyprus, and Egypt--whereof Phoenicia, we are told, “showed the
greatest zeal,”[14283] and we may presume furnished by far the larger
number of ships. On their arrival in Milesian waters the captains found
a strong naval force collected to meet them, which rested upon the
island of Ladé, and guarded the approaches to the town. Miletus had
summoned to her aid the contingents of her various allies--Chios,
Lesbos, Samos, Teos, Priene, Erythræ, Phocæa, Myus--and had succeeded
in gathering together a fleet amounting to above three hundred and fifty
vessels.[14284] This time Phoenicia did not despise her foe. Before
engaging, every effort was made to sow discord and dissension among the
confederates, and induce the Greek captains to withdraw their squadrons,
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