=7. Arrival of James.=--James at last made his appearance, but not till his followers had been taken prisoners in the one country and had lost their spirit in the other. He landed at _Peterhead_, December 22, attended by only six persons. He was met by _Mar_, and went on to _Scone_, whence he issued six proclamations, and fixed his coronation for January 23. The news of his landing had somewhat revived the spirit of his followers, but, when they met, both parties were disappointed; James with their scanty numbers, and they with his heaviness and stupidity. Soon after, a vessel coming from France with gold for the rebels was stranded and the money lost. At last _Argyle_ began to advance against _James_, who retreated from _Perth_, greatly to the disgust of the clans. From _Perth_ they went to _Dundee_, and from thence to _Montrose_. Twelve hours after they had left Perth Argyle entered it, but he was so slack in his pursuit of the rebels as to give rise to suspicions of his own loyalty. A few days later, February 4, James set sail secretly for _France_ with _Mar_ and several other nobles. He left a letter for _Argyle_, and all the money he had with him for the benefit of the poor people in the villages round Perth, which had been burnt by his order. His men, grieved and disappointed to find that their leader had deserted them, went back to their native glens. Most of the officers escaped to the _Orkneys_, and from thence to the _Continent_. =8. Trials and Penalties.=--Few prisoners had been made in Scotland. Of those taken at _Preston_, the half-pay officers were at once shot as deserters, the common soldiers were imprisoned in _Chester_ and _Liverpool_, while their leaders were taken up to London, which they entered with their hands tied behind them and their horses led. Six nobles, the _Earls of Nithsdale_, _Wintoun_, and _Carnwath_, _Viscount Kenmure_, and the _Lords Widdrington_ and _Nairn_, were arraigned before the House of Lords on a charge of treason. All except Wintoun pleaded guilty, and threw themselves on the _King's_ grace; but they were all condemned to death. This sentence was executed on _Derwentwater_ only. _Kenmure_ and _Nairn_ and _Carnwath_ were reprieved, while _Nithsdale_ escaped by the help of his wife the night before the day on which he was condemned to die; and _Wintoun_, though found guilty on his trial, escaped also. _Forster_, _MacIntosh_, and several others, had the same good fortune. Of those lower in rank, twenty-two were hanged in _Lancashire_ and four in _London_. An _Act of Grace_, passed in 1717, released _Carnwath_, _Widdrington_, _Nairn_, and all others who were still in prison; but it did not restore the estates which they had forfeited by their treason. The following year another Jacobite conspiracy was got up. In this both Spain and Sweden were concerned; Spain promised to help with money, while _Charles the Twelfth of Sweden_ was to invade _Scotland_ with twelve thousand soldiers.