=22. James V., 1513-1542.=--The news of the defeat at _Flodden_ spread grief and terror through the country. The citizens of Edinburgh built a wall round their city, but its strength was not tried, for the English army dispersed instead of advancing. The Estates met at _Perth_, and the Queen-mother was appointed Regent, for the King was an infant only two years old. But within a year the Queen married _Archibald_, the young _Earl of Angus_, and the Estates then transferred the regency to _John, Duke of Albany_, High Admiral of France, son of the brother of James the Third. Peace was made with England, Scotland being taken in as the ally of France in a treaty between that country and England. =23. Albany's Regency.=--Albany's government was at first very unpopular, for the national jealousy was roused by the number of his _French_ followers. The Queen at first refused to give up the King, but she was besieged in _Stirling Castle_ and obliged to yield. The country was distracted by the brawls of the two great factions, the _Hamiltons_ and the _Douglases_. The _Earl of Arran_ was the head of the former, _Angus_ of the latter. The Governor put them down with the help of the French: _Angus_ was seized and transported to _France_; his wife fled to _England_, where he contrived to join her before long. The _Lord Home_ and his brother, two of the few survivors of _Flodden_, and the most powerful of the Angus faction, were seized at Edinburgh and beheaded, after the mere form of a trial. But Albany went back to France after he had been about a year in Scotland; and as he left a Frenchman, _Anthony de la Bastie_, Warden of the Border, and placed the strongholds in the hands of the French also, the Scots grew more jealous and turbulent than before. De la Bastie fell a victim to the national hatred of foreigners. He was killed in a border raid by one of the _Homes_, in revenge for the death of his kinsman, the Lord Home. The Celts in the west re-asserted their independence, and the feud between the _Hamiltons_ and the _Douglases_ broke out worse than ever. They brought their brawls into the very streets of the capital. The Hamiltons laid a plan for attacking the Douglases, and making Angus prisoner. _Gavin Douglas_, Bishop of _Dunkeld_, fearing that his kinsmen might get the worst of it, appealed to _James Beaton_, the primate, to stop it. Beaton solemnly declared on his conscience that he knew nothing of the matter; and to give weight to his words, laid his hand on his heart, and in so doing struck the breastplate which he always wore. On this, Douglas, who heard the ring of the armour, told him that he heard his conscience "clattering," that is, telling tales. In the fight that followed, Angus so thoroughly routed his foes that the fray was called "_Clear the Causeway_," and after it he held the city with an armed force. Thus five years passed, and the Regent, who had nominally gone back to France for a few months only, was still