History of Spanish Literature, vol. 2 (of 3)Ticknor, George
History
History of Spanish Literature, vol. 2 (of 3)
Ticknor, George
Spanish literature -- History and criticism
Of these sketches, several are striking. First, we have a scene between
Cervantes himself and two of his fellow-captives, in which they are
jeered at as slaves and Christians by the Moors, and in which they give
an account of the martyrdom in Algiers of a Spanish priest, which was
subsequently used by Lope de Vega in one of his dramas. Next, we have
the attempt of Pedro Alvarez to escape to Oran, which is, no doubt,
taken from the similar attempt of Cervantes, and has all the spirit of
a drawing from life. And, in different places, we have two or three
painful scenes of the public sale of slaves, and especially of little
children, which he must often have witnessed, and which again Lope de
Vega thought worth borrowing, when he had risen, as Cervantes calls
it, to the monarchy of the scene.[113] The whole play is divided into
five _jornadas_ or acts, and written in octaves, _redondillas_, _terza
rima_, blank verse, and almost all the other measures known to Spanish
poetry; while among the persons of the drama are strangely scattered,
as prominent actors, Necessity, Opportunity, a Lion, and a Demon.
[113] The “Esclavos en Argel” of Lope is found in his Comedias,
Tom. XXV., (Çaragoça, 1647, 4to, pp. 231-260), and shows that
he borrowed very freely from the play of Cervantes, which, it
should be remembered, had not then been printed, so that he must
have used a manuscript. The scenes of the sale of the Christian
children, (pp. 249, 250), and the scenes between the same
children after one of them had become a Mohammedan, (pp. 259,
260), as they stand in Lope, are taken from the corresponding
scenes in Cervantes (pp. 316-323, and 364-366, ed. 1784). Much
of the story, and passages in other parts of the play, are also
borrowed. The martyrdom of the Valencian priest, which is merely
described by Cervantes, (pp. 298-305), is made a principal
dramatic point in the third _jornada_ of Lope’s play, where the
execution occurs, in the most revolting form, on the stage (p.
263).
Yet, notwithstanding the unhappy confusion and carelessness all
this implies, there are passages in the Trato de Argel which are
poetical. Aurelio, the hero,--who is a Christian captive, affianced
to another captive named Sylvia,--is loved by Zara, a Moorish lady,
whose confidante, Fatima, makes a wild incantation in order to obtain
means to secure the gratification of her mistress’s love; the result
of which is that a demon rises and places in her power Necessity
and Opportunity. These two immaterial agencies are then sent by her
upon the stage, and--invisible to Aurelio himself, but seen by the
spectators--tempt him with evil thoughts to yield to the seductions
of the fair unbeliever.[114] When they are gone, he thus expresses, in
soliloquy, his feelings at the idea of having nearly yielded:--
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