History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With MexicoSweeney, William Allison
History
History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With Mexico
Sweeney, William Allison
African American soldiers; African Americans -- History -- 1877-1964; World War, 1914-1918 -- Participation, African American
While stationed at Camp Logan, the regiment was engaged in intensive
training. Officers and enlisted men attended the various schools
established by the 33rd Division to which the regiment had been attached
and acquitted themselves with credit.
At the end of October, 1917, on the date of the closing of the Second
Liberty Loan Campaign, out of a total of 2,166 officers and enlisted men
belonging to the regiment at that time, 1,482 officers and men
subscribed $151,400.00.
While at Camp Logan, approximately 96 percent of the regiment took out
$10,000.00 War Risk Insurance per man.
On December 1, 1917, the official designation of the regiment was
changed from the 8th Illinois Infantry to the 370th Infantry.
On March 6, 1918, the regiment left Camp Logan enroute to Camp Stuart,
Newport News, Va., arriving on March 10, 1918, and immediately taking up
its interrupted intensive training.
While at Camp Stuart, Va., Lieutenant Colonel James H. Johnson was
discharged from the service, and Major Otis B. Duncan, who had commanded
the 3rd battalion, was promoted to the grade of lieutenant-colonel and
Captain Arthur Williams was promoted to the grade of major and placed in
command of the 3rd battalion.
On April 6, 1918, the regiment embarked on the S.S. President Grant en
route overseas. In attempting to get out to sea, the vessel ran aground
in Hampton Roads and three days later having been refloated, the journey
overseas was resumed. On account of this delay the journey was begun
without convoy, the warships assigned to this duty having departed as
scheduled on or about April 6, 1918. On April 20, 1918, the steamer was
met by a convoy of torpedo boats which accompanied us to Brest, France,
at which place the regiment arrived on April 22, 1918.
The following day, April 23, 1918, the regiment debarked and marched to
camp at Pontanezen Barracks, near Brest, and two days later entrained
for Grandvillers (Haut-Rhin), arriving on April 27, 1918, and taking
station.
The regiment, upon arrival at Grandvillers, was attached to the 73rd
Division, French Army, and orders were given for the reorganization and
equipping of the regiment to conform to that of a French regiment. All
American arms, ammunition and equipment were salvaged and French rifles,
machine guns, ammunition, wheel transportation, packs, helmets and other
necessary equipment furnished. Except for the uniform the regiment was
outfitted exactly as were the French regiments of that division. French
rations were issued with the exception of the wine component, for which
an extra allowance of sugar was substituted.
The Division sent officers to take charge of the instruction of the
regiment in every phase of the work to be later undertaken and another
period of intensive training was begun. Even French cooks were present
to instruct our cooks in the preparation and conservation of the French
rations.
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