History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With MexicoSweeney, William Allison
History
History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With Mexico
Sweeney, William Allison
African American soldiers; African Americans -- History -- 1877-1964; World War, 1914-1918 -- Participation, African American
September 13th the outfit withdrew and retired to the rear for a special
training prior to participation in the general attack from Verdun to the
sea. On the morning of September 28th the District of Columbia battalion
was sent to the front to relieve a regiment of famous Moroccan shock
troops. It was at this time that the Champagne offensive took such a
decided turn and the Washington men from that time on were taking a most
active and important part in the general fighting. They distinguished
themselves at Ripont just north of St. Menehold. They suffered greatly
during their valiant support of an advanced position in that sector.
Despite its losses the battalion fought courageously ahead. Prior to
that it had occupied Hill 304 at Verdun. It had the distinction of being
the first American outfit to take over that sector. The battalion fought
doggedly and bravely at Ripont and succeeded in gaining much valuable
territory, as well as enemy machine guns and supplies and ninety Hun
prisoners.
Later the battalion held a front line position at Monthois, and it
finally formed a salient in the line of the 9th French Army Corps. It
was subjected to a long period of gruelling fire from the Boches' famous
Austrian 88s and machine guns, and an incessant barrage from German
weapons of high caliber.
The regiment moved south to the Vosges, where the battalion took up a
position in sub-sector B, in front of St. Marie Aux Mines, where it was
situated when word of the armistice came.
The record of the Negro warriors from the District of Columbia is very
succinctly contained in a diary kept by Chaplain Lieutenant Arrington
Helm. It relates the activities of the unit from the time they sailed
from Newport News, March 30, 1917, until the end of the war. It is also
a condensed account of the major operations of the 372nd regiment. The
diary follows:
March 30--Embarked from Newport News, Va., for overseas duty on the
U.S.S. Susquehanna.
April 17--Disembarked at St. Nazaire and marched to rest camp.
April 21--Left rest camp. Base section No. 1 and entrained for
Vaubecourt.
April 23--Arrived at Vaubecourt at 7 p.m. Left Vaubecourt at 8:30 p.m.
and hiked in a heavy rainstorm to Conde en Barrois.
April 25--Assigned to school under French officers.
May 26--Left Conde en Barrois at 8 a.m. in French motor trucks for Les
Senades.
May 29--Our regiment today took over the sector designated as Argonne
West.
May 31--In front line trenches.
June 20--Changed sectors, being assigned to the Vauquois sector, a
sub-sector of the Verdun front. The 157th Division is stationed in
reserve. The enemy is expected to attack.
July 13--Left for Hill 304 on the Verdun sector. Colonel Young has been
relieved from command and Colonel Herschell Tupes has assumed command.
July 25--Left Sivry la Perche to take over Hill 304. Arrived at Hill 304
at 9 p.m.
August 16--Heavily shelled by regiment of Austrians opposing us. Two
Americans and one Frenchman in the regiment killed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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