History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With MexicoSweeney, William Allison
History
History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With Mexico
Sweeney, William Allison
African American soldiers; African Americans -- History -- 1877-1964; World War, 1914-1918 -- Participation, African American
October 25--Preparing for action. The enemy had noted the great
movement of troops in the vicinity and German planes constantly hovered
over the unit dropping missiles of death upon it.
The brigade supported the infantry of the division in its attacks on
Eply, Cheminot, Bouxieres, Bois Frehaut, Bois La Cote, Champey,
Vandieres, Pagny and Moulin Farm. Attacks of more than mediocre
importance were: Pagny, November 4 and 5; Cheminot, November 6, Epley,
November 7; Bois Frehaut, November 10; Bois La Cote and Champey,
November 11.
In addition to those attacks certain machine gun nests of the enemy were
destroyed and strategic points were bombarded. During the entire advance
the batteries of the brigade were in front positions and very active.
The attack on Bois La Cote and Champey began at 4:30 in the morning and
ended just fifteen minutes before the beginning of the armistice. During
the engagement the batteries kept up such a constant fire that the guns
were almost white with heat.
Private Carl E. Southall of 2538 Elba street, Pittsburgh, Pa., claims to
have fired the brigade's last shot. He was a member of Battery D, 351st
regiment. When the watch showed the last minute of the war, he jumped
forward, got to the gun ahead of his comrades and fired.
Had the war continued the artillery brigade would have taken part in the
offensive which was to have begun after November 11 with twenty French
and six American divisions investing Metz and pushing east through
Lorraine.
The history of one regiment in the artillery outfit is practically the
same as another, with the exception that the 351st seems to have had the
most conspicuous service. This unit of the brigade was commanded by
Colonel Wade H. Carpenter, a West Pointer.
Owing to the technical requirements, a thorough knowledge of mathematics
especially being necessary before one can become a good non-commissioned
or commissioned officer of artillery, this branch of the service appeals
to men of schooling. It has been claimed that the 351st regiment
contained the best educated group of Negroes in the American forces;
most of them being college or high school men. They were praised highly
by their officers, especially by Colonel Carpenter:
"When the regiment trained at Camp Meade," he said, "the men showed
the best desire, to make good soldiers. In France they outdid their
own expectations and shed glory for all.
"We didn't get into action until October 28th, but after that we
kept at the Germans until the last day.
"The men of the 351st were so anxious to get into service that
before they were ordered to the front they found it difficult to
restrain their impatience at being held back. However, their long
training in France did them a lot of good, the experience of being
taught by veteran Americans and Frenchmen proving of great value
when it came to actual battle.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account