History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With MexicoSweeney, William Allison
History
History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With Mexico
Sweeney, William Allison
African American soldiers; African Americans -- History -- 1877-1964; World War, 1914-1918 -- Participation, African American
The trip home in February, 1919, was about as perilous to some of them
as the war had been. It was a period of unusually rough weather. The
north Atlantic, never very smooth during the winter months, put on some
extra touches for the returning Negro soldiers. An experience common to
many on several different transports has been described by Mechanic
Charles E. Bryan of Battery B, 351st Artillery upon his return to his
home, 5658 Frankstown Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. Asked about his
impressions of the war, he said that which impressed him the most was
the storm at sea on the way home.
"That storm beat the war all hollow," he said. "Me and my buddies were
messing when the ship turned about eighteen somersaults, and we all
pitched on the floor, spilling soup and beans and things all over the
ship.
"The lights went out and somehow the automatic bell which means 'abandon
ship' was rung by accident. We didn't know it was an accident, and from
the way the ship pitched we thought she was on her way down to look up
one Mr. Davy Jones. So we made a break for the decks, and believe me,
some of those lads who had come through battles and all sorts of dangers
were about to take a dive over the side if our officers had not started
explaining in time."
Stories of varying degrees of interest, some thrilling, some humorous
and some pathetic to the last degree, have been brought back.
Ralph Tyler, the Negro newspaper man, who was sent to France as the
official representative of the Afro-American press by the Committee on
Public Information, has written many of the incidents, and told others
from the rostrum. He has told how the small insignificant, crowded
freight cars in which the soldiers traveled looked like Pullman parlor
coaches to the Negro soldiers.
"To many of our people back in the 'States,'" wrote Mr. Tyler from
France, "who saw our boys embark on fine American railroad coaches
and Pullman sleepers to cover the first lap of their hoped-for
pilgrimage to Berlin, the coaches they must ride in over here would
arouse a mild protest. I stood at Vierzon, one of France's many
quaint old towns recently, and saw a long train of freight cars
roll in, en route to some point further distant. In these cars with
but a limited number of boxes to sit upon, and just the floors to
stand upon, were crowded some 1,000 of our own colored soldiers
from the States. But a jollier crowd never rode through American
cities in Pullman sleepers and diners than those 1,000 colored
troopers. They accepted passage on these rude box freight cars
cheerfully, for they knew they were now in war, and palace cars,
downy coaches and the usual American railroad conveniences were
neither available nor desirable.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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