History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With MexicoSweeney, William Allison
History
History of the American Negro in the Great World War: His Splendid Record in the Battle Zones of Europe; Including a Resume of His Past Services to his Country in the Wars of the Revolution, of 1812, the War of Rebellion, the Indian Wars on the Frontier, the Spanish-American War, and the Late Imbroglio With Mexico
Sweeney, William Allison
African American soldiers; African Americans -- History -- 1877-1964; World War, 1914-1918 -- Participation, African American
How shall we describe their chronology or write their log? They were
everywhere in France where they were needed. As one officer expressed
it, at one time it looked as though they would chop down all the trees
in that country. Their units and designations were changed. They were
shifted from place to place so often and given such a variety of duties
it would take a most active historian to follow them. In the maze of
data in the War Department at Washington, it would take months to
separate and give an adequate account of their operations.
[Illustration: BACK WITH THE HEROIC 15TH (369TH INFANTRY). LIEUT. JAMES
REESE EUROPE'S FAMOUS BAND PARADING UP LENOX AVENUE, HARLEM, NEW YORK
CITY. LIEUT. EUROPE SPECIALLY ENLARGED IN LEFT FOREGROUND.]
[Illustration: SERGEANT HENRY JOHNSON (STANDING WITH FLOWERS), NEGRO
HERO OF 369TH INFANTRY. IN NEW YORK PARADE. HE WAS THE FIRST SOLDIER OF
ANY RACE IN THE AMERICAN ARMY TO RECEIVE THE CROIX DE GUERRE WITH PALM.
NEEDHAM ROBERTS, HIS FIGHTING COMPANION, IN INSET.]
[Illustration: RETURNING FROM THE WAR. MUSICIANS OF 365TH INFANTRY
LEADING PARADE OF THE REGIMENT IN MICHIGAN BOULEVARD. CHICAGO.]
[Illustration: SOLDIERS OF 365TH INFANTRY MARCHING DOWN MICHIGAN
BOULEVARD. CHICAGO. THIS REGIMENT WAS PART OF THE CELEBRATED 92ND
DIVISION OF SELECTIVE DRAFT MEN.]
[Illustration: THE SEVEN AGES OF MEN. CURBSTONE GROUPS IN NEW YORK
LINED UP TO GIVE THE HEROES WELCOME. THE SCENES WERE TYPICAL OF MANY IN
CITIES AND TOWNS ALL OVER THE COUNTRY.]
[Illustration: COLONEL FRANKLIN A. DENISON, FORMER COMMANDER OF 8TH
ILLINOIS (370TH INFANTRY), INVALIDED HOME FROM FRANCE JULY 12, 1918.]
[Illustration: FIRST COMMANDER OF THE 8TH ILLINOIS INFANTRY, COLONEL
JOHN R. MARSHALL, WHO INCREASED THE ORGANIZATION FROM A BATTALION TO A
REGIMENT, EVERY OFFICER AND MAN A NEGRO. UNDER COL. MARSHALL THE
REGIMENT SAW DISTINGUISHED SERVICE IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR.]
[Illustration: FORMER OFFICERS OF 370TH INFANTRY (OLD 8TH). LEFT,
COLONEL FRANKLIN A. DENISON, COMMANDER UNTIL JULY, 1918; CENTER, COLONEL
T.A. ROBERTS (WHITE). SUCCEEDING COMMANDER; RIGHT, LIEUT. COLONEL OTIS
B. DUNCAN. APPOINTED COLONEL TO SUCCEED COLONEL T.A. ROBERTS.]
[Illustration: CROWD ON THE LAKE FRONT IN CHICAGO ALMOST SMOTHERS
RETURNING SOLDIERS OF "FIGHTING 8TH" (370TH INFANTRY).]
It is known that a contingent of them accompanied the very first forces
that went abroad from this country. In fact, it may be said, that the
feet of American Negroes were among the first in our forces to touch the
soil of France. It is known that they numbered at least 136 different
companies, battalions and regiments in France. If there were more, the
records at Washington had not sufficiently catalogued them up to the
early part of 1919 to say who they were.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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