[21] De Weldige-Kremer, /De Joannis Cochlaei Vita et Scriptis/, 1865. He was one of the most energetic opponents of the Reformation party. [22] Schwane, /Dogmengeschichte der neuren zeit/, 1890, pp. 131-51, 210-240, 251-92. [23] Grisar, op. cit., Bd. iii., 228. [24] /De Libero Arbitrio/, etc., 1524. [25] Grisar, op. cit., Bd. i., pp. 483-502. [26] Raynaldus, /Ann. Eccl./ (ann. 1522). [27] Pastor, op. cit., Bd. iv., pp. 212-393. [28] "Of such slender dimensions was the original Protestant Church; small as it was, it was only held together by the negative character of its protest."--/Camb. Mod. Hist./, ii., p. 205. [29] Negwer, /Wimpina/, 1909. [30] Hergenrother-Kirsch, op. cit., Bd. iii., p. 80. [31] Pastor, op. cit., Bd. iv., 473-5. [32] Hergenrother-Kirsch, op. cit., iii., pp. 102-8. [33] For Luther's own views on the results of his preaching, cf. Dollinger, /Die Reformation/, Bd. ii., pp. 426-52. [34] Grisar, op. cit., Bd. ii., 382-436. [35] Grisar, op. cit., Bd. iii., 211-30. [36] That there can be no question of suicide is admitted (Paulus /Luthers Lebensende/, 1898). [37] /Tischreden/ (/Table Talk/), cf. Grisar, ii., 178 sqq. Smith, /Luther's Table Talk/, 1907. /Am. Ecc. Review/ (1906, pp. 1-18). [38] /Personal Character of Luther/ (/Ir. Theol. Quart./, viii., p. 77-85). (b) Zwingli in Switzerland: His attitude towards Lutheranism. See works mentioned above (II. a). Dandliker, /Geschichte der Schweiz/, 3 Bde, 1904. Dandliker-Salisbury, /A Short History of Switzerland/, 1899. De Haller, /Histoire de la revolution religieuse ou de la reforme protestante dans la Suisse occidentale/, 1837. Gelpke, /Kirchengeschichte der Schweiz/, 1856- 61. Schuler-Schulthess, /Opera Huldrici Zwinglii/, 8 vols., 1828- 42. Jackson, /Huldreich Zwingli/, 1901. The territory now known as Switzerland formed portion of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1291, however, during the reign of Rudolph of Habsburg, the three states or cantons of Uri, Schweiz, and Unterwalden, formed a confederation to defend their rights and privileges, thus laying the foundation for the existence of Switzerland as an independent nation. Other cantons joined the alliance, more especially after the victory at Morgarten in 1315, when the Austrian forces despatched against the Swiss were almost annihilated. Austria made various attempts to win back the Swiss to their allegiance but without success, and in 1394 the independence of the allied cantons was practically recognised.