History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 6Gibbon, Edward
History
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire — Volume 6
Gibbon, Edward
Byzantine Empire -- History -- To 527; Rome -- History -- Empire, 30 B.C.-476 A.D.
83 (return) [ Villehardouin (No. 130) is again ignorant of the
authors of _this_ more legitimate fire, which is ascribed by
Gunther to a quidam comes Teutonicus, (c. 14.) They seem ashamed,
the incendiaries!]
84 (return) [ For the second siege and conquest of
Constantinople, see Villehardouin (No. 113—132,) Baldwin’s iid
Epistle to Innocent III., (Gesta c. 92, p. 534—537,) with the
whole reign of Mourzoufle, in Nicetas, (p 363—375;) and borrowed
some hints from Dandolo (Chron. Venet. p. 323—330) and Gunther,
(Hist. C. P. c. 14—18,) who added the decorations of prophecy and
vision. The former produces an oracle of the Erythræan sibyl, of
a great armament on the Adriatic, under a blind chief, against
Byzantium, &c. Curious enough, were the prediction anterior to
the fact.]
Constantinople had been taken by storm; and no restraints, except
those of religion and humanity, were imposed on the conquerors by
the laws of war. Boniface, marquis of Montferrat, still acted as
their general; and the Greeks, who revered his name as that of
their future sovereign, were heard to exclaim in a lamentable
tone, “Holy marquis-king, have mercy upon us!” His prudence or
compassion opened the gates of the city to the fugitives; and he
exhorted the soldiers of the cross to spare the lives of their
fellow-Christians. The streams of blood that flowed down the
pages of Nicetas may be reduced to the slaughter of two thousand
of his unresisting countrymen; 85 and the greater part was
massacred, not by the strangers, but by the Latins, who had been
driven from the city, and who exercised the revenge of a
triumphant faction. Yet of these exiles, some were less mindful
of injuries than of benefits; and Nicetas himself was indebted
for his safety to the generosity of a Venetian merchant. Pope
Innocent the Third accuses the pilgrims for respecting, in their
lust, neither age nor sex, nor religious profession; and bitterly
laments that the deeds of darkness, fornication, adultery, and
incest, were perpetrated in open day; and that noble matrons and
holy nuns were polluted by the grooms and peasants of the
Catholic camp. 86 It is indeed probable that the license of
victory prompted and covered a multitude of sins: but it is
certain, that the capital of the East contained a stock of venal
or willing beauty, sufficient to satiate the desires of twenty
thousand pilgrims; and female prisoners were no longer subject to
the right or abuse of domestic slavery. The marquis of Montferrat
was the patron of discipline and decency; the count of Flanders
was the mirror of chastity: they had forbidden, under pain of
death, the rape of married women, or virgins, or nuns; and the
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