History of the Jews in America: From the Period of the Discovery of the New World to the Present TimeWiernik, Peter
History
History of the Jews in America: From the Period of the Discovery of the New World to the Present Time
Wiernik, Peter
Jews -- America -- History; Jews -- United States -- History
It is worth noting as an example that this one regiment had nearly
thirty Jewish officers, most of them in minor positions, and about
sixty privates in the ranks. This was, of course, an exceptional case,
but Jews were represented in most of the regiments, especially those
of Philadelphia, almost if not quite as much as in the regiments of
those states which sent a larger contingent of Jewish soldiers to
the front than Pennsylvania. The first of those states was New York,
with nearly two thousand, which had already at that time achieved
the distinction of having the largest Jewish community in the New
World. Ohio, which came second, with 1,134, and Illinois, with 1,076,
clearly indicated the growing importance of the Middle West for the
new immigration. Indiana contributed over five hundred――almost as
many as Pennsylvania――while Michigan had more than two hundred of its
Jewish inhabitants in the Union Army. New England had the smallest
representation, for the number of Jews there was very small at that
time.
There was still another Pennsylvania regiment, the 65th (Fifth
Cavalry), known as the “Cameron Dragoons” (on account of its being
recruited under the authority of an order issued by Secretary of War
Simon Cameron (1799–1889) July 6, 1861), which first went to the front
under the command of a Jewish colonel. His name was Max Friedman (b. in
Mühlhausen, Germany, 1825), and he came to the United States in 1848,
settling in Philadelphia. He served as Major of a Regiment in the State
Militia prior to the Civil War. Colonel Friedman remained with his
regiment in the field until a severe wound received at the battle of
Vienna, Virginia, forced him to resign in the following month. He later
(1869) settled in New York as the cashier of the Union Square National
Bank, of which he was one of the organizers.
Abraham Hart (b. in Hesse-Darmstadt, 1832), who arrived in this
country at the age of eighteen, was a captain in the 73d Pennsylvania
Infantry Regiment, and when Colonel Kolter, under whom he served, was
elevated to the command of a brigade in General Blenker’s Division of
the Army of the Potomac, Captain Hart was detailed as Adjutant-General
of the brigade. Moses Isaac of New York attained the same rank,
that of adjutant-general in the Third Army Corps of the Army of the
Potomac, and participated in the battles of the Peninsular campaign,
subsequently serving under General Banks. Another New York Jew, of whom
little else is known besides a brief notice by Mr. Wolf (p. 285), was
Lieutenant-♦Colonel Leopold C. Newman, of the 31st Infantry Regiment of
that state, whose foot was shattered by a cannon ball in the battle of
Chancellorville (May 2, 1863), and he was taken to Washington, where he
died. President Lincoln visited him at his bedside, and brought along
his commission promoting him to the rank of Brigadier-General.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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