THE INFLUX AFTER THE ANTI-JEWISH RIOTS IN RUSSIA IN 1881. The country itself is well prepared for the reception of a larger number of Jewish immigrants――Absence of organized or political Antisemitism――Increase in general immigration in 1880 and 1881――Arrival of the “Am Olam”――Imposing protest meetings against the riots in Russia――Welcome and assistance――Emma Lazarus――Heilprin and the attempts to found agricultural colonies――Herman Rosenthal――Failures in many States――Some success in Connecticut and more in New Jersey――Woodbine―― Distribution――Industrial workers and the new radicalism. The favorable economical and political conditions of the country itself were, however, the best preparation for the reception of a larger number of Jewish immigrants from Russia, who came as the result of the greatest Jewish migration since the exodus from Egypt. The strong congregations, the well-organized charities and the considerable number of wealthy Jews who were able and willing to assist the refugees, as well as the numerous able, energetic and tireless workers who did their best to alleviate the sufferings of the new arrivals and to help them to find their way in the new surroundings――all these were necessary and to some degree indispensable to solve as much of the problem as circumstances would permit. But all would have been useless if there was not room for new immigrants to settle here, and work for them to do. It would also have been well nigh impossible to take full advantage of the opportunities which this country offers to willing workers, were it not for the absence of that organized or official anti-Semitism which is found in one form or another in almost all civilized countries outside of the English-speaking world. Individual instances of social antipathy and personal dislike, or even hatred, of Jews, were not rare in the United States, at that period or at any other. But the Jew baiter was never encouraged, or even approved, by the all-powerful public opinion of the country at large; sympathy for the suffering Jew was easily aroused, and those who pleaded the cause of the victim of persecution were not hampered by open opposition or by covert political influences.