=Berlin= (Germany), Mendelssohn circle in, centre of enlightenment, I 238 attracts Jewish students from Poland and Russia, I 239, 388, II 114 "Berliner" synonymous with heretic, I 278, 384 enlightenment of, hated by hasidic leaders, I 383 influences Warsaw, I 300 f, 384 f epidemic of conversions in, I 388 Congress of, II 202 Jewish socialists in, II 223 stock-exchange of, affected by pogrom at Rostov, II 358 refugees from Moscow arrive in, II 408 Russian Jews emigrate to, II 420 place of publication, I 386, III 51, 52, 58, 60 =Berlin, Shmerka=, of Velizh, accused of ritual murder, II 75, 77 =Berlin, Slava=, wife of former, arrested on same charge, II 77 =Berlin=, Jewish scholar, member of Jewish deputation to Alexander III., II 261 =Berliner, A.=, quoted, I 179 =Bernardine Monks=, in Poland, active in ritual murder libel, I 100 f, 177 =Bersohn=, Polish-Jewish writer, quoted, I 105 =Berthenson, I.=, converted Jew, Russian court physician, II 214 =Besht=, see Israel Baal-Shem-Tob =Bessarabetz=, anti-Semitic paper in Kishinev, III 169 ff =Bessarabia=, included in Pale (1835), II 40 Jewish agricultural colonies in, II 72 expulsions from, II 385 anti-Semitic agitation in, III 69 ff von Raaben, governor of, III 74, 77 Urussov, governor of, III 93, 97; see Kishinev =Bezalel=, Jewish tax-farmer in Poland, I 167 =Bezalel=, of Kobrin, Hebrew author, I 201 =Bialocerkiew=, see Byelaya Tzerkov =Bibikov=, governor-general of Kiev, criticises Jews in official report, II 47 arrests Israel of Ruzhyn, II 120 f =Bialik, Hayyim Nahman=, Hebrew poet, III 63, 162 composes poem on Kishinev massacre, III 79 f =Bialystok=, province of, annexed by Prussia (1795), I 297 =Bialystok= (city, government of Grodno), Samuel Mohilever, rabbi of, II 378 Poles threaten massacre of Russians and Jews in, I 357 Jewish labor movement in, III 55 pogroms at, III 114 f, 120, 136 f; discussed by First Russian Duma, 137 f =Bible=, studied by Khazars, I 21 taught in Yiddish translation in Poland, I 114 study of, encouraged by Isaac Baer Levinsohn, II 126 =Bible Society=, of London, model of Russian Bible Society, I 396 Lewis Way, representative of, champions cause of Russian Jews, I 397 =Bible Society=, the Russian, established under Alexander I., I 396 =Bielsk= (Lithuania), Jew of, accused of ritual murder, I 87 _Bielski_, Polish chronicler, quoted, I 80 "=Bilu=," society of Palestinian pioneers, organized in Kharkov, II 321 f =Bismarck=, German chancellor, favors equal rights for Jews, II 202