=Paul I.=, emperor of Russia (1796-1801), I 321-334 includes Courland in area of Jewish settlement, I 321 imposes restrictions on Jews of government of Minsk, I 323 Jews of Volhynia prepare to send deputation to, I 324 f dispatches Dyerzhavin to White Russia, I 328 f releases Shneor Zalman from prison, I 376 receives denunciation against Hasidim, I 378 Arakcheyev prominent in military affairs during reign of, I 395 =Pavlovsk, District of= (government of Voroneyezh), "Judaizing" sect spreads in, I 401 =Pavluk=, Cossack leader, instigates attacks upon Jews, I 144 =Pavolochi= (province of Kiev), Jews of, accused of ritual murder, I 178 =Pecheneges= succeed Khazars in Crimea, I 29 =Pechera Monastery=, in Kiev, Abbot of, preaches hatred toward Jews, I 31 "=People's Freedom=" (in _Russian_, Narodnaya Vola), revolutionary party, responsible for assassination of Alexander II., II 279 pursues anti-Jewish policy, II 279 f =Perekop=, gulf and isthmus of, I 13, 29 =Peretz=, rabbi of Bohemian Community in Cracow, I 104 =Peretz, Abraham=, of St. Petersburg, assists Jewish deputies, I 338 acts as Jewish Maecenas, I 386 converted to Christianity, I 388 =Peretz, Gregory=, son of former, Russian revolutionary, I 412 =Pereyaslav= (province, or government of Poltava), Cossack massacre at (1648), I 145 pogrom at (1881), II 265 f =Perez, I. L.=, editor of Yiddish magazine, III 59 Yiddish and Hebrew writer, III 61 f, 162 =Perl, Joseph=, Hebrew writer in Galicia, II 126 f =Perm= (Central Russia), Jewish cantonists driven to, II 25 =Perovksi=, Russian statesman, considers emigration of Russian Jews to Algiers, II 69 =Persia=, Khazars make inroads into, I 19 Jewish merchants travel through, I 23 =Pestel, Paul=, leader of early Russian revolutionaries, I 410 discusses Jewish problem, I 410 ff favors establishment of separate Jewish Commonwealth, I 412 =Peter=, Carmelite monk in Lublin, alleged victim of ritual murder, I 100 =Peter I., The Great=, emperor of Russia (1688-1725), extends influence of Russia over Poland refuses to admit Jews into Russia, I 246 f prejudiced against Jews, I 247 f stops military riot against Jews, I 248 admits Jewish financiers to St. Petersburg, I 248 quoted in favor of barring Jews from Russia, II 35 f originator of penalty by _Spiessruten_, II 85 =Peter II.=, emperor of Russia (1727-1730), permits Jews to visit fairs in Little Russia, I 250 =Peter III.=, emperor of Russia (1761), dethroned by Catherine II., I 259 =Peterhof=, near St. Petersburg, Plehve killed on way to, III 97 Jewish franchise discussed at conferences in, III 122 =Petersburg=, see St. Petersburg