History of the Jews, Vol. 4 (of 6)Graetz, Heinrich
History
History of the Jews, Vol. 4 (of 6)
Graetz, Heinrich
Jews -- History
The Jews in France had been permitted to settle in the country only
for a specified time, and, although this term was frequently extended,
their thoughts were necessarily always directed towards possible
banishment. They were compelled to amass and keep in readiness
sufficient money to enable them, at any moment, to start life afresh
in another land. Like their ancestors in Egypt, they were ready for an
exodus, their loins girded, their shoes on their feet, and their staffs
in their hands. Although the acquisition of land was allowed them,
they were obliged to concentrate themselves on the money business,
and pursue the advantages offered by each moment. Necessity made
them usurers. Some among them charged a higher rate of interest than
permitted by the privileges granted them, and exacted even compound
interest from dilatory debtors. But it was the king himself who forced
them to immoderate, exasperating usury, by the extravagant demands
he made upon their purses to meet the expenses of his wars, and the
Jews could fulfill his demands only by transgressing the laws, but
their exactions naturally rendered them hateful in the eyes of the
general public. That Jewish creditors frequently had ill-intentioned
or tardy Christian debtors imprisoned to force them to discharge their
liabilities tended to increase the bitterness. The exercise of this
right was regarded as a triumph of "the children of the devil over the
children of heaven." The public became so angered at their possessing
the privilege that the king, Charles VI, was obliged to abolish it. On
the other hand, the necessity of maintaining the privilege was shown to
be so imperative--the Jews being threatened with the entire loss of
their outstanding debts--that the king and parliament had to grant it
a month later in a modified form. They permitted the Jews to imprison
only the debtors who, in their bonds, made themselves answerable with
their bodies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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