=Abraham ben David of Posquières= (Rabed II, 1125-1198), Talmudist, as a controversialist, =3=, 389, 399. disciple of Abraham ben Isaac, =3=, 392. friend of Judah Ibn-Tibbon, =3=, 397. writes a Mishna commentary, =3=, 399. criticises Maimonides’ Mishne-Torah, =3=, 490. death of, =3=, 490. alleged founder of the Kabbala, =3=, 547. =Abraham ben Isaac=, head of the college of Narbonne, =3=, 392. son-in-law of, =3=, 399. =Abraham ben Meïr Ibn-Ezra= (1088-1167), personality of, =3=, 366-7, 381. attitude of, towards the Karaites, =3=, 366. and Jehuda Halevi and Moses Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 367. poetry of, =3=, 367-8. as an exegete, =3=, 368, 370-1, 371-3. poverty of, =3=, 368-9. in the East, =3=, 369. in Rome, =3=, 369-71. as a grammarian, =3=, 371, 374. adheres to the Massora, =3=, 371. at Mantua and Lucca, =3=, 371. in southern France, =3=, 373. poem on, by Jacob Tam, =3=, 373, 376. in London, =3=, 373-4. as philosopher, =3=, 373. defends the Sabbath eve, =3=, 374. last years of, =3=, 374-5. son of, =3=, 375. influence of, on Italian Jews, =3=, 423. attacked by Nachmani, =3=, 534, 608. the works of, used by Raymund Martin, =3=, 622. denounced as a heretic, =3=, 624. admired by Yedaya Bedaresi, =4=, 43. the works of, studied in the fourteenth century, =4=, 143-4. the Pentateuch commentary by, commented upon, =4=, 144. commentary on the works of, =4=, 191. exegesis of, praised by Reuchlin, =4=, 442. commentary by, in the Bomberg Bible, =4=, 476. studied by Spinoza, =5=, 88. =Abraham ben Samuel Abulafia= (1240-1291), Kabbalist, =4=, 3, 11, 622. youth and ideals of, =4=, 4-5, 19. system of, =5=, 5-6, 14. disciples of, =4=, 6, 8, 10. in Italy, =4=, 6. imprisoned, =4=, 7. Messianic claims of, =4=, 7-8. works of, =4=, 8. declared a heretic, =4=, 625. =Abraham ben Sherira.= _See_ Mar-Abraham. =Abraham Ibn-Alfachar= (1160-1223), favorite of Alfonso III of Castile, =3=, 384-5. ambassador to Morocco, =3=, 385. encourages Talmud study, =3=, 386. =Abraham Ibn-Daud Halevi= (1110-1180), physician, philosopher, and historian, =3=, 363-6. parentage of, =3=, 364. attainments of, =3=, 364. as an historian, =3=, 364, 365-6. as a scientist, =3=, 364. as a philosopher, =3=, 364-5. style of, =3=, 366. death of, =3=, 386. the work of, consulted by Basnage, =5=, 196. =Abraham Ibn-Shoshan=, scholar, Spanish exile in Egypt, =4=, 393. =Abraham Ibn-Zarzal=, physician and astrologer, =4=, 116. =Abraham, son of Manessier= de Vesoul, =4=, 150. =Abraham Bedaresi=, poet, elegy by, =3=, 579. compared with his son, =4=, 42.