=Alby=, the council of, forbids Jews to practice medicine among Christians, =3=, 582, 583. the Jews of, perish, =4=, 57. =Alcala=, the academy at, =4=, 145. the Jews of, ridiculed, =4=, 181. =Alcana=, street in Toledo occupied by Jews, =4=, 118. =Alcaniz=, the Jews of, converted, =4=, 214. =Alcantara=, the Order of, and Gonzalo Martinez, =4=, 85-6. =Alcharam.= _See_ Mecca. =Alcharisi.= _See_ Jehuda Alcharisi. =Alcimus= (Jakim), leader of the Hellenists, appointed high priest, =1=, 482. slays sixty Chassidim, =1=, 483. attracts the Hellenists, =1=, 483. fears Judas Maccabæus, =1=, 483. appeals to Demetrius I, =1=, 484. informs against Nicanor, =1=, 484. withdraws from Jerusalem, =1=, 485. takes possession of Jerusalem, =1=, 487. has the “Soreg” destroyed, =1=, 492. death of, =1=, 492, 508. =Alcolea=, the Jews of, converted, =4=, 214. =Aldea de los Judios=, village given to Jewish soldiers, =3=, 592. =Aldobrandini=, prevents the expulsion of the Ferrara Jews, =4=, 660. =Aleman, Jochanan=, Kabbalist, teacher of Pico di Mirandola, =4=, 291. =Alembert, d’=, approves of Pereira’s sign language, =5=, 343. =Alenu prayer=, the, misrepresented by Pessach-Peter, =4=, 178. attacked by Wülfer, =5=, 185. denounced by apostates, =5=, 191. exonerated by Michaelis, =5=, 191. regulations concerning, =5=, 192. =Aleppo= (Haleb), the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 426. Jehuda Ibn-Abbas settles at, =3=, 442. the Jewish liturgy of, changed, =3=, 466. taken by Hulagu, =3=, 606. the battle of, gives Egypt to the Turks, =4=, 393. Sabbataï Zevi in, =5=, 133. =Alessandria=, the Jews of, in the sixteenth century, =4=, 653. =Alexander III=, pope, convenes a Church Council, =3=, 376. orders the enforcement of anti-Jewish decrees, =3=, 400. finances of, managed by a Jew, =3=, 421. =Alexander VI= (Borgia), pope, and the Aragon Inquisition, =4=, 319. banishes the Jews from Rome, =4=, 363. the favor of, bought by the Portuguese Marranos, =4=, 379. friendly to the Jews, =4=, 407. employs a Jewish physician, =4=, 407-8. Reuchlin at the court of, =4=, 434. =Alexander I=, of Judæa. _See_ Alexander Jannæus. =Alexander II=, of Judæa, son of Aristobulus II, marries Hyrcanus II’ s daughter, =2=, 58. seizes Jerusalem, =2=, 70. has coins struck, =2=, 70. subdued by Aulus Gabinius, =2=, 70-1. rebels against Rome, =2=, 73. beheaded, =2=, 75. =Alexander the Great=, of Macedon, destroys the Persian empire, =1=, 412. legends about, =1=, 412-13. tolerance of, =1=, 413, 415. favors the Judæans, =1=, 414-15, 418. conquests of, =1=, 415. confusion after the death of, =1=, 416. =Alexander=, of Poland, hostile to the Jews, =4=, 419.