=Beyrout (Bairut, Berytus), the Jews of=, in the twelfth century, =3=, 426. protected by European consuls, =5=, 641. appeal to European Jews, =5=, 651. =Bezalel Masserano=, requests permission for Jews to own Talmud copies, =4=, 658. =Bezetha=, suburb of Jerusalem, fortified by Agrippa, =2=, 195. destroyed by Cestius Gallus, =2=, 265. seized by the Romans, =2=, 303. =Béziers= (Biterræ), Jews in, in the sixth century, =3=, 35. synagogue of, sold, =4=, 48. =Béziers, the council of=, inflicts hardships upon the Albigenses, =3=, 581. renews ancient restrictions against the Jews, =3=, 581-2. prohibits Jews from practicing medicine among Christians, =3=, 582, 583. =Béziers, the Jews of=, attacked at Eastertide, =3=, 173-4, 394. in the twelfth century, =3=, 394-5. under Count Roger, =3=, 395. suffering of, during the Albigensian crusades, =3=, 502-3. excommunicate Solomon of Montpellier, =3=, 530. =Bible=, the. _See_ Law, the; Old Testament, the; Pentateuch, the; Scriptures, the; Septuagint, the; Translation; Vulgate, the; _and under its various books_. =Bible exegesis.= _See_ Exegesis. “=Bible for Israelites=,” by Sachs, =5=, 693. “=Biblical Orient=, The,” ascribed to Isaac Bernays, =5=, 575. on the symbolism of Judaism, =5=, 575-6. emphasizes the historical mission of the Jews, =5=, 576. =Bidkar=, follower of Jehu, =1=, 211. =Biester=, admirer of Mendelssohn, =5=, 372. =Bilbeïs, the Jews of=, in the twelfth century, =3=, 444. =Bing, Isaiah Berr= (1759-1805), writes a defense of the Jews, =5=, 434. =Birah=, the. _See_ Acra, the; Antonia. =Birath=, camp of Bacchides, =1=, 486. =Birchath ha-Minim=, curse of the Jewish Christians, =2=, 379-80. =Biri=, religiousness of the inhabitants of, =2=, 480. =Birtha.= _See_ Bitra. =Biterræ.= _See_ Béziers. =Bither.= _See_ Bethar. =Bitra=, the Jews of, hostile to Julian the Apostate, =2=, 601-2. =Black Death=, the, ravages of, =4=, 100, 133, 135. Jews charged with having caused, =4=, 101-2, 188; =5=, 728. in southern France, =4=, 102. in Spain, =4=, 102-3, 112-13. in Switzerland, =4=, 103-5, 106-7. in Germany, =4=, 105, 111, 133. in Austria, =4=, 110. in Hungary, =4=, 111. in Poland, =4=, 111-12. in Belgium, =4=, 112. in Catalonia, =4=, 112-13. in Castile, =4=, 113. =Black Forest=, the, the Jews of, molested by Lutheran peasants, =4=, 542-3. =Black Prince=, the. _See_ Edward, prince of Wales. =Black Sea=, the, Jews settle on the shores of, =3=, 123. serfs on, =5=, 2. =Blanche=, mother of Louis IX, at the disputation on the Talmud, =3=, 576. refuses to banish the Jews, =3=, 585.