1066. Banishment of the Jews from Granada. _First persecution of the Jews of Spain_ since its conquest by the Mahometans. 1069. Isaac ben Baruch Ibn-Albalia (1035-1094), astronomer to Al-Mutamed in Cordova, Nassi of the Jews, Talmudist. 1070. =Rashi= (Solomon Yizchaki, 1040-1105), exegete and Talmudist. 1078. Pope Gregory VII (Hildebrand) promulgates the canonical _law against Jews’ holding offices in Christendom_. 1095. Emperor Henry IV issues a decree against the forcible baptism of Jews. 1096. THE FIRST CRUSADE: Suffering of the Jews of Rouen, Treves, Speyer, Worms, Cologne, Ratisbon, Prague, etc. 1099. The Jews of Jerusalem burnt in a synagogue by the crusaders under Godfrey of Bouillon. 1100. Abraham ben Chiya Albargeloni (1065-1136), astronomer. 1110. =Moses Ibn-Ezra= (1070-1139), liturgical and erotic poet. Joseph ben Meïr Ibn-Migash Halevi (1077-1141), Talmudist. 1120. =Jehuda ben Samuel Halevi= (1086-1142), poet and philosopher, author of the Zion songs and of the Chozari. 1141. Jehuda Halevi leaves Spain for Palestine. THE TOSSAFISTS: the family of Rashi, especially his grandsons JACOB TAM (1100-1171), and Samuel ben Meïr (Rashbam, 1100-1160). 1146. _Beginning of the Almohade persecution_ in northern Africa and southern Spain. Jews flee, or pretend to accept Islam. 1147. THE SECOND CRUSADE. Pope Eugenius III absolves crusaders from the payment of interest on debts owing to Jews. The crusaders attack the Jews of the Rhine country, South Germany, and France. In consequence of their protection by Emperor Conrad III, the Jews are considered =servi cameræ=. 1149. Jehuda Ibn-Ezra, of Toledo, Nassi, steward of the palace under Alfonso VII Raimundez. He persecutes the Karaites. 1150(about). ABRAHAM BEN MEÏR IBN-EZRA (1088-1167), poet, exegete, philosopher. 1160(about). _Jacob Tam calls the first rabbinical synod._ _Abraham Ibn-Daud Halevi_ (1110-1180), philosopher and historian. The Exilarchate revived by Mahomet Almuktafi. Solomon (Chasdaï) Exilarch.