The South began to put her State militia upon a war footing, and to make every preparation for battle. The Administration of President Buchanan was in the interest of the South from beginning to end. He refused to give Gov. John W. Geary, of Kansas, the military support the "_border ruffians_" made necessary; allowed the public debt to increase, our precious coin to go abroad, our treasury to become depleted, our navy to go to the distant ports of China and Japan, our army to our extremest frontiers, the music of our industries to cease; and the faith of a loyal people in the perpetuity of the republic was allowed to faint amid the din of mobs and the threats of secession. FOOTNOTES: [36] There were nearly 500 slaves held in Northern States not placed in this census. CHAPTER X. THE "BLACK LAWS" OF "BORDER STATES." STRINGENT LAWS ENACTED AGAINST FREE NEGROES AND MULATTOES.--FUGITIVE-SLAVE LAW RESPECTED IN OHIO.--A LAW TO PREVENT KIDNAPPING.--THE FIRST CONSTITUTION OF OHIO.--HISTORY OF THE DRED SCOTT CASE.--JUDGE TANEY'S OPINION IN THIS CASE.--OHIO CONSTITUTION OF 1851 DENIED FREE NEGROES THE RIGHT TO VOTE.--THE ESTABLISHMENT OF COLORED SCHOOLS.--LAW IN INDIANA TERRITORY IN REFERENCE TO EXECUTIONS.--AN ACT FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF NEGROES AND MULATTOES INTO THE TERRITORY.--FIRST CONSTITUTION OF INDIANA.--THE ILLINOIS CONSTITUTION OF 1818.--CRIMINAL CODE ENACTED.--ILLINOIS LEGISLATURE PASSES AN ACT TO PREVENT THE EMIGRATION OF FREE NEGROES INTO THE STATE.--FREE NEGROES OF THE NORTHERN STATES ENDURE RESTRICTION AND PROSCRIPTION. Although slavery was excluded from all the new States northwest of the Ohio River, the free Negro was but little better off in Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois than in any of the Southern States. From the earliest moment of the organic existence of the border free States, severe laws were enacted against free Negroes and Mulattoes. At the second session of the first Legislature of the State of Ohio, "_An Act to Regulate Black and Mulatto Persons_"[37] was passed. Sec. 1. That no black or mulatto person shall be permitted to settle or reside in this State "without a certificate of his or her actual freedom." 2. Resident blacks and mulattoes to have their names recorded, etc. (Amended in 1834, Jan. 5 1, Curwen, 126.) _Proviso_, "That nothing in this act contained shall bar the lawful claim to any black or mulatto person." 3. Residents prohibited from hiring black or mulatto persons not having a certificate. 4. Forbids, under penalty, to "harbor or secrete any black or mulatto person the property of any person whatever," or to "hinder or prevent the lawful owner or owners from re-taking," etc. 5. Black or mulatto persons coming to reside in the State with a legal certificate, to record the same.