History of the Nineteenth Army CorpsIrwin, Richard B. (Richard Biddle)
History
History of the Nineteenth Army Corps
Irwin, Richard B. (Richard Biddle)
United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories; United States. Army. Corps, 19th
Without a halt and with scarcely a show of organized resistance,
Early retreated to Fisher's Hill. Merritt and Custer, uniting on
the south bank of Cedar Creek, kept up the pursuit until the night
was well advanced, but soon their captures became so heavy in men
and material, that help was needed to take care of them, so, barely
an hour after going into camp the jaded infantry of Dwight once
more turned out and marched with alacrity to Strasburg.
Toward morning Early withdrew his infantry from the lines of Fisher's
Hill, and marched on New Market, leaving Rosser to cover the
movement. In the morning, upon Torbert's approach, Rosser retired,
closely pursued to Edenburg, sending Lomax to the Luray to guard
the right flank of the retreating Confederates.
The strength of the contending forces in this remarkable battle
may always give ground for dispute. No official figures exist to
determine the question directly; therefore on either side the
numbers are a matter of opinion. The author's, formed after a
careful consideration of all the authorities, is that when the
battle began, Wright commanded an effective force of not more than
31,000 officers and men of all arms, made up of 9,000 in the Sixth
Corps, 9,500 in the Nineteenth Corps, 6,000 in Crook's command,
and 6,500 cavalry. The infantry probably numbered 23,000: Ricketts
8,500, Emory 9,000, Crook 5,500. Of these, therefore, the hard
fighting fell on 17,500. The losses in the Sixth and Nineteenth
Corps, nearly all incurred in the early morning, being about 4,500,
the two corps should have mustered 13,500 for the counter-attack
of the afternoon, yet the ground they then stood upon, from the
road to the brook, measures barely 7,400 feet. With all allowances,
therefore, Sheridan cannot have taken more than 8,000 of his infantry
into this attack. This leaves out Crook's men bodily, and calls
for 5,500 unrepentant stragglers from the ranks of Emory and Wright
--one man in three. After all is said, unhappily there is nothing
so extraordinary in this, but strange indeed would it have been if
many of these skulkers had come back into the fight, as Sheridan
considerately declares they did.
As to Early's force, the difficulty of coming to a positive conclusion
is even greater. General Early himself says he went into the battle
with but 8,800 muskets. General Dawes, perhaps the most accomplished
statistician of the war, makes the total present for duty 22,000;
of these 15,000 would be infantry. The figures presented by the
unprejudiced statistician of the "Century War Book" (11) call for
15,000 of all arms. Of these 10,000 would be infantry.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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