Never was a man more calumniated than Confucius by the Jesuit Couplet. _Confucius Sinarum Philosophus_ was printed in the year 1687, shortly after Louis XIV. abolished the Edict of Nantes, and persecuted the most industrious part of his subjects. The Jesuit is bold enough to affirm, in his _Epistola Dedicatoria ad Ludovicum magnum_, that the Chinese philosopher would be exceedingly rejoiced in seeing the piety of the great king. "_Quibus te laudibus efferret, cum haeresin, hostem illam avitae fidei ac regni florentissimi teterrimam, proculcatam et attritam, edicta quibus vitam ducere videbatur, abrogata; disjecta templa, nomen ipsum sepultum, tot animarum millia pristinis ab erroribus ad veritatem, ab exitio ad salutem tam suaviter (!) tam fortiter (!), tam feliciter (!) traducta._" [5] Toreen's Voyage behind Osbeck, II. 239, English translation. [6] The Canton Register, 1829, No. 20. [7] _Jang sëen_ is his Tsze, or title. The numbers which are to be found on the margin of the translation, refer to the pages of the Chinese printed text. [8] The cubit at Canton is 14 inches 625 dec. Morrison, under the word _Weights_, in his Dictionary, English and Chinese. [9] We see by this statement that Couplet is wrong in saying (_Confucius_ Sinarum philosophus. Proemialis declaratio, p. 60): "Mahometani, qui una cum suis erroribus ante annos fere _septingentos_ (Couplet wrote 1683) magno numero et licentia ingressi in Chinam." [10] This statement is so extraordinary, that the Translator thought it necessary to compare many passages where the character _sh[)u]h_ (8384 M.) occurs. Sh[)u]h originally means, according to the _Shw[)o] w[)a]n_, _near, joining_; and _Sh[)u]h kw[)o]_, are, according to Dr. Morrison, "small states attached to and dependent on a larger one: tributary states." The character _sh[)u]h_ is often used in the same signification in the 57th book of our work. The description of the Peninsula of Malacca begins (Mem. b. 57, p. 15 r.) with the following words: "_Mwan l[)a] kea_ (Malacca) is in the southern sea, and was originally a tributary state (sh[)u]h kw[)o]) of _Sëen lo_, or Siam; but the officer who there had the command revolted and founded a distinct kingdom." In the war which the Siamese some years back carried on against the Sultan of Guedah, they always affirmed that the King of Siam is, by his own right, the legitimate sovereign of the whole peninsula of Malacca, and that the Sultan must only be considered as a rebel against his liege. The statement of the Chinese author, therefore, corroborates the assertions of the Siamese. [11] On the _General Map of the Western Sea_ (_Se hae tsung too_) _Lin yin_ takes the place of Sweden. I cannot conceive what can be the cause of that denomination. _Lin yin_, perhaps, may mean the island _Rugen_? [12] The common word for cloth, _to lo ne_, seems to be of Indian origin; it is certainly not Chinese. The proper Chinese name is _jung_.