The great movement of the sixteenth century had begun more particularly among the younger doctors and students at Oxford and Cambridge. From them it was necessary that it should be extended to the people, and for that end the New Testament, hitherto read in Latin and in Greek, must be circulated in English. The voices of these youthful evangelists were heard, indeed, in London and in the provinces; but their exhortations would have been insufficient, if the mighty hand which directs all things had not made this Christian activity coincide with that holy work for which it had set Tyndale apart. While all was agitation in England, the waves of ocean were bearing from the continent to the banks of the Thames those Scriptures of God, which, three centuries later, multiplied by thousands and by millions, and translated into a hundred and fifty tongues, were to be wafted from the same banks to the ends of the world. If in the fifteenth century, and even in the early days of the sixteenth, the English New Testament had been brought to London, it would only have fallen into the hands of a few Lollards. Now, in every place, in the parsonages, the universities, and the palaces, as well as in the cottages of the husbandmen and the shops of the tradesmen, there was an ardent desire to possess the Holy Scriptures. The _fiat lux_ was about to be uttered over the chaos of the church, and light to be separated from darkness by the word of God. BOOK XIX. THE ENGLISH NEW TESTAMENT AND THE COURT OF ROME. CHAPTER I. Church and State essentially distinct--Their fundamental Principles--What restores Life to the Church--Separation from Rome necessary--Reform and Liberty--The New Testament crosses the sea--Is hidden in London--Garret's Preaching and Zeal--Dissemination of Scripture--What the People find in it--The Effects it produces--Tyndale's Explanations--Roper, More's Son-in-law--Garret carries Tyndale's Testament to Oxford--Henry and his Valet--The Supplication of the Beggars--Two Sorts of Beggars--Evils caused by Priests--More's Supplications of the Souls in Purgatory.