“It was their practice to Sabbatize on Saturday, and to celebrate Sunday as a day of rejoicing and festivity. While, however, in some places a respect was thus generally paid to both of these days, the Judaizing practice of observing Saturday was by the leading churches expressly condemned, and all the doctrines connected with it steadfastly resisted.”—_Sabbath Laws_, p. 280. The time had now come, when, as stated by Coleman, the observance of the Sabbath was deemed heretical; and the close of the fifth century witnessed its effectual suppression in the great body of the Catholic church. CHAPTER XX. SUNDAY DURING THE DARK AGES. The pope becomes the head of all the churches—The people of God retire into the wilderness—Sunday to be traced through the Dark Ages in the history of the Catholic church—State of that festival in the sixth century—It did not acquire the title of Sabbath for many ages—Time when it became a day of abstinence from labor in the east—When in the west—Sunday canon of the first council of Orleans—Of the council of Arragon—Of the third council of Orleans—Of a council at Mascon—At Narbon—At Auxerre—Miracles establishing the sacredness of Sunday—The pope advises men to atone, by the pious observance of Sunday, for the sins of the previous week—The Sabbath and Sunday both strictly kept by a class at Rome who were put down by the pope—According to Twisse they were two distinct classes—The Sabbath, like its Lord, crucified between two thieves—Council of Chalons—At Toledo, in which the Jews were forbidden to keep the Sabbath and commanded to keep Sunday—First English law for Sunday—Council at Constantinople—In England—In Bavaria—Canon of the archbishop of York—Statutes of Charlemagne and canons of councils which he called—The pope aids in the work—Council at Paris originates a famous first-day argument—The councils fail to establish Sunday sacredness—The emperors besought to send out some more terrible edict in order to compel the observance of that day—The pope takes the matter in hand in earnest and gives Sunday an effectual establishment—Other statutes and canons—Sunday piety of a Norwegian king—Sunday consecrated to the mass—Curious but obsolete first-day arguments—The eating of meat forbidden upon the Sabbath by the pope—Pope Urban II. ordains the Sabbath of the Lord to be a festival for the worship of the Virgin Mary—Apparition from St. Peter—The pope sends Eustace into England with a roll that fell from Heaven commanding Sunday observance under direful penalties—Miracles which followed—Sunday established in Scotland—Other Sunday laws down to the Reformation—Sunday always only a human ordinance.