History of the Thirty-Ninth Congress of the United StatesBarnes, William Horatio
History
History of the Thirty-Ninth Congress of the United States
Barnes, William Horatio
United States -- Politics and government -- 1865-1869; United States. Congress (39th : 1865-1867)
The late report of General Schurz gives evidence of some important
facts which will doubtless apply here. The mass of the white people in
the South, he says, are totally destitute of any national feeling. The
same bigoted sectionalism that swayed them prior to the war is almost
universal. Nor have they any feeling of the enormity of treason as a
crime. To them it is not odious, as very naturally it would not be,
under the policy which foregoes the punishment of traitors, and gives
so many of them the chief places of power in the South. And their
hatred of the negro to-day is as intense and scathing and as universal
as before the war. I believe it to be even more so. The proposition to
educate him and elevate his condition is every-where met with contempt
and scorn. They acknowledge that slavery, as it once existed, is
overthrown; but the continued inferiority and subordination of the
colored race, under some form of vassalage or serfdom, is regarded by
them as certain. Sir, they have no thought of any thing else; and if
the ballot shall be withheld from the freedmen after the withdrawal of
military power, the most revolting forms of oppression and outrage
will be practiced, resulting, at last, in that very war of races which
is foolishly apprehended as the effect of giving the negro his
rights."
A serious question confronted Mr. Julian, namely: How could
Representatives from States which negroes by constitutional provision
are forbidden to enter, be expected, to vote for negro suffrage in
this District? He said: "In seeking to meet this difficulty, several
considerations must be borne in mind. In the first place, the demand
for negro suffrage in this District rests not alone upon the general
ground of right, of democratic equality, but upon peculiar reasons
superinduced by the late war, which make it an immediate practical
issue, involving not merely the welfare of the colored man, but the
safety of society itself. If civil government is to be revived at all
in the South, it is perfectly self-evident that the loyal men there
must vote; but the loyal men are the negroes and the disloyal are the
whites. To put back the governing power into the hands of the very men
who brought on the war, and exclude those who have proved themselves
the true friends of the country, would be utterly suicidal and
atrociously unjust. Negro suffrage in the districts lately in revolt
is thus a present political necessity, dictated by the selfishness of
the white loyalist as well as his sense of justice. But in our Western
States, in which the negro population is relatively small, and the
prevailing sentiment of their white people is loyal, no such emergency
exists. Society will not be endangered by the temporary postponement
of the right of negro suffrage till public opinion shall render it
practicable, and leaving the question of suffrage in the loyal States
to be decided by them on its merits. If Indiana had gone out of her
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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